生育权的规范构造与制度调适  

The Normative Structure and Institutional Adaptation of Reproductive Rights

作　　者：谢郁 XIE Yu(School of Law,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学法学院,广州510520

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2025年第2期40-55,共16页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助一般项目“中国计划生育制度变迁问题研究”(20FFXB011)。

摘　　要：我国生育权功能已从批判转向指导与完善生育制度,急需建构其规范结构以处理当前面临的生育权利冲突,完成生育制度调适。为此,在对生育权作宪法证立与融贯解释的基础上,更新生育权的分析范式。根据生育法律关系中权利主体的意志作用不同、权利客体的生育能力与生育行为规范意涵差异,可形成四项生育权能,从而规定不同主体间的权利义务关系。其中,生育保障获得权为生育保障与生育激励机制的创设与实现提供了权利基础。另外,在法律权利化过程中,生育制度的功能实现必须围绕子女抚育、家庭结构以及生育合意成本方面展开,完成社会保障制度的转向,以在承载生育权的基础上实现其制度目的。The function of the right to reproduction in China has shifted from critique to the guidance and refinement of the reproductive system.Consequently,there is an urgent need to construct a normative framework to address contemporary conflicts concerning the right to reproduction and facilitate institutional adaptation.This study reconfigures the analytical paradigm of the right to reproduction through constitutional justification and coherent interpretation.By differentiating the role of individual will in reproductive legal relations and the varying normative implications of reproductive capacity and reproductive behavior,this article identifies four distinct reproductive capacity,each defining specific rights and obligations among different stakeholders.Among them,the right to access reproductive protection serves as the legal foundation for establishing and implementing reproductive security and incentive mechanisms.Furthermore,in the process of legal codification,the realization of reproductive policy objectives must be structured around child-rearing,family composition,and the costs of reproductive consent,necessitating a shift in the social security system to ensure institutional objectives are achieved within the framework of the right to reproduction.

关 键 词：法律权利 生育权 生育权能 生育保障获得权 

分 类 号：DF2[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]