长时间远洋航行人员功能性胃肠病患病现状及相关因素  

Prevalence and related factors of functional gastrointestinal diseases among long distance voyagers

作　　者：甘雪洋 宋杰 高远 GAN Xueyang;SONG Jie;GAO Yuan(Graduate School of Chinese PLA Medical School,Beijing 100853,China;Department of Nursing,The First Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100853,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军医学院研究生院,北京100853 [2]中国人民解放军总医院第一医学中心护理部,北京100853

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2025年第1期89-94,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：军队护理创新与培育专项项目(2021HL070);军事理论自研项目(LB2023A06-C025)。

摘　　要：[背景]功能性胃肠病(FGIDs)是最常见的消化系统疾病,严重危害身体健康。[目的]了解长时间远洋航行人员FGIDs的患病现状并探讨其影响因素,为远洋航行人员制定FGIDs相关预防策略提供科学依据。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法,于2023年9月对青岛某单位远洋航行结束1周以内的人员进行横断面调查,调查采用一般情况调查表调查人口学资料及生活习惯,采用罗马IV标准成人诊断问卷诊断是否患有FGIDs。将纳入的研究对象分为FGIDs组和非FGIDs组,采用焦虑量表(SAS)、抑郁量表(SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、中文版压力知觉量表(CPSS)调查焦虑、抑郁、睡眠、压力水平。采用logistic回归分析FGIDs患病的影响因素。[结果]共纳入研究对象968名,患FGIDs 111例,FGIDs患病率11.5%(111/968)。两组年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、工作年限、家庭年收入、吸烟、饮酒、工作岗位、累计出海次数、噪声暴露频率、暴饮暴食频率、过敏史、焦虑、抑郁、睡眠质量、压力、每日饮水量比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,文化程度高(OR=1.890,95%CI:1.208~2.959)、暴饮暴食频率(OR=2.214,95%CI:1.412~3.474)、有过敏史(OR=2.143,95%CI:1.229~3.737)、存在焦虑状态(OR=1.800,95%CI:1.111~2.916)、心理压力大(OR=1.983,95%CI:1.114~3.530)、已婚(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.202~2.905)与FGIDs的患病正相关(P<0.05),睡眠质量好(OR=0.326,95%CI:0.201~0.528)与FGIDs的患病负相关(P<0.05)。[结论]文化程度、婚姻状态、过敏史、暴饮暴食频率、睡眠质量、焦虑状态、心理压力可能是FGIDs患病的影响因素。应早期评估和筛查这些影响因素并采取针对性预防措施,以降低远洋航行人员FGIDs的患病率,减轻胃肠道症状。[Background]Functional gastrointestinal diseases(FGIDs)are the most common digestive system disorders that seriously endanger the health of affected individuals.[Objective]To understand the prevalence of FGIDs in long-term ocean voyagers and analyze their influencing factors,in order to provide a scientific basis for formulating FGIDs prevention strategies.[Methods]Using cluster sampling method,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the long distance voyagers of a company in Qingdao within one week after the completion of the voyage in September 2023.The survey used a general information questionnaire to collect de-mographic data and lifestyle habits,and the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire for Adults to di-agnose FGIDs.The included research subjects were divided into a FGIDs group and a non FGIDs group.Anxiety,depression,sleep,and stress were evaluated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS),Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),and Chinese Per-ceived Stress Scale(CPSS).The potential influencing factors of FGIDs were analyzed by logistic re-gression.[Results]A total of 968 subjects were included in the study,and 111 cases suffered from FGIDs,with a prevalence of 11.5%(111/968).There were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)between the two groups in terms of age,education level,marital status,years of work,annual family income,smoking,drinking,operating post,cumulative number of sea voyages,noise exposure frequency,binge eating frequency,allergy history,anxiety,depression,sleep quality,stress,and daily water intake.The results of logistic regression showed that higher level of education(OR=1.890,95%CI:1.208,2.959),binge eating frequency(OR=2.214,95%CI:1.412,3.474),history of allergies(OR=2.143,95%CI:1.229,3.737),anxiety(OR=1.800,95%CI:1.111,2.916),high psychological stress(OR=1.983,95%CI:1.114,3.530),and being married(OR=1.868,95%CI:1.202,2.905)were positively correlated with FGIDs(P<0.05).Good sleep quality(OR=0.326,95%CI:0.201,0.552)was negatively correlated with

关 键 词：功能性胃肠病 长远航 焦虑 抑郁 睡眠质量 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]