柠檬酸协同表面活性剂去除磷石膏中磷氟杂质  

tric acid synergizes with surfactants to remove phosphorus and fluorine impurities from phosphogypsum

作　　者：胡强卫 夏举佩[1,2,3] HU Qiangwei;XIA Jupei(Faculty of Chemical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and New Materials in Phosphorus Chemical Industry in Yunnan Province,Kunming 650500,China;Key Laboratory of Phosphorus Chemical Industry in Yunnan Universities,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学化学工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省磷化工节能与新材料重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [3]云南省高校磷化工重点实验室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《生态产业科学与磷氟工程》2025年第3期9-18,共10页Eco-industry Science & Phosphorus Fluorine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22068019)。

摘　　要：磷石膏是湿法磷酸生产过程中产生的固体废弃物,磷石膏中可溶性磷氟限制了磷石膏在建筑行业的应用。通过柠檬酸协同表面活性剂分步去除磷石膏中磷氟杂质,对柠檬酸浓度、表面活性剂种类及工艺流程进行优化,采用激光粒度分析仪、zeta电位仪、扫描电镜-能谱仪(SEM-EDS)对净化前后磷石膏进行微观表征,探究磷石膏在柠檬酸净化和表面活性剂净化过程的除杂机制。研究结果表明:在柠檬酸质量分数为3%、以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为阳离子表面活性剂时,磷石膏中磷氟杂质的去除率最高,可溶磷去除率可达98.00%,可溶氟去除率可达98.73%,满足井下填充材料及二水磷石膏露天填充材料渗滤液中对P、F及pH的控制要求。Phosphogypsum is a solid waste produced in the production process of phosphoric acid,the soluble phosphorus and fluorine in phosphogypsum limit the application of phosphogypsum in the construction industry.Citric acid synergizes with surfactant method is used to remove phosphorus and fluorine impurities from phosphogypsum in a step-by-step manner,the dosage of citric acid,the type of surfactant and the process flow are optimized,and the laser particle size analyzer meter,zeta potential meter and SEM-EDS are used to characterize phosphogypsum before and after purification,and the impurity removal mechanisms of phosphogypsum in the process of citric acid purification and surfactant purification are explored.The results show that when the mass fraction of citric acid is 3% and CTAB is used as the cationic surfactant,the removal rate of phosphorus and fluorine impurities in phosphogypsum are the highest,the removal rate of soluble phosphorus can reach 98.00%,and the removal rate of soluble fluorine can reach 98.73%,meeting the requirements for phosphorus,fluorine and pH in leachate of phosphogypsum underground and open air flling materials.

关 键 词：磷石膏 可溶性磷氟 新工艺 柠檬酸 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X781[环境科学与工程—环境工程]