湿法磷酸装置提高氟收率技术改造  

Technical transformation of wet-process phosphoric acid plant to increase fluorine yield

作　　者：段思勤 蔡杰 姜威[2,3] 龚丽 杨文娟[2,3] 涂忠兵 何宾宾 牛司江 DUAN Siqin;CAI Jie;JIANG Wei;GONG Li;YANG Wenjuan;TU Zhongbing;HE Binbin;NIU Sijiang(Yunnan Tian'an Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650300,China;Yunnan Phosphate Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650600,China;Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and New Materials in Phosphorus Chemical Industry in Yunnan Province,Kunming 650600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南天安化工有限公司,云南昆明650300 [2]云南磷化集团有限公司,云南昆明650600 [3]云南省磷化工节能与新材料重点实验室,云南昆明650600

出　　处：《生态产业科学与磷氟工程》2025年第3期73-77,共5页Eco-industry Science & Phosphorus Fluorine Engineering

基　　金：云南省磷化工节能与新材料重点实验室(202205AG070067)。

摘　　要：为了提高湿法磷酸生产中氟资源回收率,对萃取尾气、过滤尾气洗涤工序,以及浓缩系统进行改造,并分析了改造后取得的经济效益。通过在反应槽和第一洗涤塔之间增加一个洗涤塔,渣场回水氟质量浓度从3788 mg/L降至2440 mg/L,吨P_(2)O_(5)氟硅酸产量提高9.8 kg,尾气氟质量浓度<9 mg/m^(3);在磷石膏过滤系统增加一套尾气回收洗涤装置,吨P_(2)O_(5)氟硅酸产量增加1.6 kg,同时解决现场尾气无组织排放问题,改善操作环境;在磷酸二段浓缩阶段添加脱氟剂4.98 kg/t,吨P_(2)O_(5)氟硅酸产量增加4.6 kg,渣酸比例降低6.49%,每吨P_(2)O_(5)收益提高24.51元。经过技术改造后,吨P_(2)O_(5)氟硅酸产量从2010年的45 kg提高到2023年的62 kg。In order to improve the recovery rate of fluorine resources in wet-process phosphoric acid production,the extraction and filtration tail gas washing processes,as well as the concentration system are modified,and the economic benefits obtained after the modification are analyzed.By adding a washing tower between the reaction tank and the first washing tower,the fluorine content in the return water of the phosphogypsum slag yard is decreased from 3788 mg/L to 2440 mg/L,the yield of fluorosilicic acid is increased by 9.8 kg for per ton P_(2)O_(5)and the fluorine content in the tail gas is less than 9 mg/m^(3);Adding a tail gas recovery and washing device to the phosphogypsum filtration system,the yield of fluorosilicic acid is increased by 1.6 kg for per ton P_(2)O_(5),and the problem of unorganized tail gas emissions on site is solved,improving the operating environment;Adding 4.98 kg defluorination agent for per ton P_(2)O_(5)in the second stage of phosphoric acid concentration,the fluorosilicic acid yield is increased by 4.6 kg for per ton P_(2)O_(5),the slag acid ratio is reduced by 6.49%,and the income for per ton P_(2)O_(5)is increased by 24.51 RMB Yuan.After technological transformation,the yield of fluorosilicic acid for per ton P_(2)O_(5)is increased from 45 kg in 2010 to 62 kg in 2023.

关 键 词：湿法磷酸 氟回收 氟硅酸 脱氟剂 

分 类 号：TQ126.35[化学工程—无机化工]