非理想环境下参考系无关量子密钥分配协议  

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution based on imperfect devices

作　　者：宋婷婷 赵许帆 SONG TingTing;ZHAO XuFan(College of Cyber Security,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China;State Key Laboratory of Cryptology,Beijing 100878,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学网络空间安全学院,广州510632 [2]密码科学技术全国重点实验室,北京100878

出　　处：《中国科学:物理学、力学、天文学》2025年第4期208-216,共9页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:62271234);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(编号:2023A1515030290)资助项目。

摘　　要：量子密钥分发(Quantum Key Distribution,QKD)利用量子力学原理可实现密钥传递的无条件安全性.参考系无关(Reference-Frame-Independent,RFI)QKD由于无需对参考系进行校准,所以近年来受到广泛关注.但是RFI-QKD协议的实现环境较复杂,现有协议缺乏非理想环境下的安全性分析.针对非理想光源和非理想探测器的复杂环境,本文设计了一个非理想环境下的RFI-QKD协议,并分析了协议的安全性.通过仿真模拟,直观地展示了在不同程度的光源和探测器非理想性下RFI-QKD协议的安全成码距离和成码率.仿真结果对非理想环境下RFI-QKD协议的实际应用具有指导意义.Quantum key distribution(QKD)utilizes the principles of quantum physics to achieve unconditional security in key distribution.Reference-frame-independent(RFI)QKD has gained greater attention as it does not require alignment of the reference frame for its applications.However,the current assumptions needed to implement existing RFI-QKD protocols are challenging,and there are fewer security analyses based on imperfect devices.This paper mainly focuses on the influence of imperfections in the light source and detector in RFI-QKD,designs RFI-QKD protocol using imperfect devices,and analyzes the security.Through simulation,the paper intuitively demonstrates the changes in secure transmission distance and secure key rate of the RFI-QKD protocol under different light sources and detector imperfections.The paper offers guidance for the practical application of RFI-QKD protocols in the presence of imperfections.

关 键 词：量子密钥分配 参考系无关 非理想光源 探测器漏洞 

分 类 号：O413[理学—理论物理]