路侧植被对道路交通颗粒物垂直分布的影响研究  

Investigating the Influence of Roadside Vegetation on the Vertical Distribution of Road Traffic Particulate Matter

作　　者：安兴 董阳斌 肖亚熙 曹如晖 周婷 郑怡灵 徐锦强 王占永 AN Xing;DONG Yangbin;XIAO Yaxi;CAO Ruhui;ZHOU Ting;ZHENG Yiling;XU Jinqiang;WANG Zhanyong(School of Transportation and Civil Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou Fujian 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《交通节能与环保》2025年第2期111-118,共8页Transport Energy Conservation & Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41701552);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J01105)。

摘　　要：选取福州市西三环快速路北段为实验路段,利用搭载微型环境传感器的无人机观测平台,实地收集路侧绿带后100 m高度范围内PM_(1.0)、PM_(2.5)和黑碳(Black Carbon,BC)等交通颗粒物的高时空分辨率浓度样本,统计解析不同植被密度下路侧交通颗粒物的垂直分布特征。结果表明:(1)当路面未被抬高时,无植被路段路侧颗粒物浓度随高度升高呈波动性分布,且变化幅度不大;(2)当路面被高架路抬高时,高架桥旁茂密的植被可以有效降低桥面高度以下的PM_(1.0)和PM_(2.5)浓度,但会显著增加BC浓度。(3)高密度植被会抑制颗粒物上升,从而加重低空交通污染。Taking the northern segment of the West Third Ring Expressway in Fuzhou City as an experimental section,this research used unmanned aerial vehicle platform equipped with miniature environmental sensors to collect high spatiotemporal resolution concentration samples of PM_(1.0),PM_(2.5),and black carbon(BC)within a height range of 100 meters after the roadside green belts.The vertical distribution characteristics of these particles under different vegetation densities were statistically analyzed.The results indicate that:(1)when the traffic source is not raised,the concentration of particulate matter on the roadside of the road without vegetation fluctuates distributes in a fluctuating pattern with the increase of altitude and the change range is not large,(2)When the traffic source is elevated by an elevated road,dense vegetation next to the viaduct can effectively reduce the concentrations of PM_(1.0) and PM_(2.5) below the bridge deck,but significantly increase BC concentration.(3)High-density vegetation can inhibit the rise of particulate matter,thereby exacerbating low-altitude traffic pollution.

关 键 词：空气污染 垂直变化 无人机监测 植被密度 城市道路 

分 类 号：U491.92[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]