运用EPA吸入模型评估助动车制造业中接锰员工的职业健康风险水平  

Occupational health risk level of manganese exposed workers in moped manufacturing industry evaluated by EPA inhalation model

作　　者：颜云荞 马威威 YAN Yunqiao;MA Weiwei(Occupational Hazard Factors Detection and Evaluation Center,Wuxi Eighth People's Hospital,Wuxi,Jiangsu 214000,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡市第八人民医院职业病危害因素检测与评价中心,江苏无锡214000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2025年第3期323-327,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的评估助动车制造企业焊接岗位接锰员工的职业健康风险水平。方法2023年选取无锡市2家典型助动车制造业企业,运用美国环保局(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,EPA)吸入模型对企业焊接岗位接锰员工的职业健康风险进行评估。结果运用EPA模型对锰及其化合物危害进行非致癌性风险评估,发现两家企业焊接岗位均呈现高风险,风险值为238~1468。然而,GBZ/T 229.2—2010《工作场所职业病危害作业分级第2部分:化学物》方法的评估结果表明,这两家企业焊接岗位的危害分级为相对无害至轻度危害。结论美国EPA的吸入风险评估模型对助动车制造企业锰暴露岗位职业健康风险评估具有更高的敏感度,能更有效地识别危险作业,并根据风险值的大小对危害程度进行量化,从而有助于确定重点岗位并采取相应的预防控制措施。Objective To assess the occupational health risk level of manganese exposed workers in welding position of moped manufacturing industry.Methods In 2023,two typical moped manufacturing enterprises in Wuxi City were selected to evaluate the occupational health risks of manganese exposed workers in welding positions by using the inhalation model of U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(EPA).Results The EPA model was used for non carcinogenic risk assessment of manganese and its compounds,and it was found that welding positions in both enterprises showed high risk,with the risk values of 238-1468.However,the evaluation results of the GBZ/T 229.2-2010 Classification of Occupational Disease Hazards in the Workplace Part 2:Chemicals showed that the welding positions of these two enterprises were classified as relatively harmless to mild hazard.Conclusion The inhalation risk assessment model of U.S.EPA has higher sensitivity to manganese exposure positions in moped manufacturing enterprises,and can more effectively identify dangerous operations,and quantify the hazard degree according to the risk value,so as to help determine key positions and take corresponding prevention and control measures.

关 键 词：助动车制造业 锰 职业健康风险评估 美国环保局吸入模型 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]