煤矿瓦斯动力灾害地面治理关键技术与应用  

Key technologies for surface control of gas dynamic disasters in coal mines and their application

作　　者：王勃 徐凤银 刘文革 邵嗣华 王宁 文建东 程国玺 屈争辉[6] 谢亚东 韩甲业 李志 徐波 杨卫华 张艺腾 李长兴 WANG Bo;XU Fengyin;LIU Wenge;SHAO Sihua;WANG Ning;WEN Jiandong;CHENG Guoxi;QU Zhenghui;XIE Yadong;HAN Jiaye;LI Zhi;XU Bo;YANG Weihua;ZHANG Yiteng;LI Changxing(Information Research Institute of the Department of Emergency Management,Beijing 100029,China;Chengdu University ofTechnology College of Energy(College of Modern Shale Gas industry),Chengdu 610059,China;State Key Laboratory of Oil andGas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu 610059,China;China United Coalbed Methane National Engineering ResearchCenter,Beijing 100095,China;Gansu Energy Chemical Industry Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730050,China;School ofResource and Geoscience,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;The Fourth Institute ofResources and Environment Investigation of Henan Province Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]应急管理部信息研究院,北京100029 [2]成都理工大学能源学院(页岩气现代产业学院),四川成都610059 [3]油气藏地质及开发工程全国重点实验室,四川成都610059 [4]中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司,北京100095 [5]甘肃能源化工股份有限公司,甘肃兰州730050 [6]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [7]河南省资源环境调查四院有限公司,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2025年第4期30-45,共16页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：国有资本经营预算支持省属企业科研项目(GZ2211056-GSJYMD)。

摘　　要：【目的意义】随着采煤深度增加,煤炭开采面临的煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压及复合动力灾害愈发突出,深化致灾机理、发展多元化防治技术对于煤矿安全生产意义重大,利用煤层气开发关键技术治理煤矿瓦斯动力灾害是实现煤矿生产“安全关口前移”的必由之路。但目前尚未形成规模化适用性技术体系。【方法】从地面煤层气开发的关键技术应用视角,系统述评了煤层气钻完井、压裂等技术的发展历程和研究进展;从煤矿安全角度详细梳理了近70年来煤矿瓦斯动力灾害的致灾机理及关键技术。结合煤层气开发技术特点和煤矿动力灾害防治需求,提出了在理论创新和技术攻关方面的一些建议。【结果和结论】(1)在理论研究方面,深化开展煤与煤层气(瓦斯)综合勘查,并融合多种手段开展精细地质研究。(2)在治理技术方面,进一步探究洞穴消突井+高压空气(液氮、CO_(2))涤荡+负压抽采、地面L型水平井分段压裂+排采等煤与瓦斯突出治理技术,以及顶板L型井分段水力压裂、顶板L型井分段水力加砂压裂+排采等冲击地压治理技术。在此基础上,优选煤层气开发L型分段压裂等先进技术并开展现场瓦斯动力灾害治理试验,通过实施科研-工程一体化工程项目,探索不同防治理论及技术在不同地质条件下的适用性,构建适用于煤矿瓦斯动力灾害防治的技术系列,为我国煤矿安全生产保驾护航。[Objective and Significance] As the coal mining depth increases,coal mining faces increasingly prominent challenges including coal and gas outbursts,rock bursts,and compound dynamic disasters.Deepening the understanding of disaster-causing mechanisms and developing diversified prevention and control technologies are significant for the safe production of coal mines.Employing the key technologies for coalbed methane(CBM) production to control gas-related dynamic disasters is an inevitable course for the safe production of coal mines.However,large-scale,suitable technology systems are yet to be developed.[Methods] From the perspective of the application of key technologies for surface CBM production,this study systematically reviews the development history and research advances in technologies including well drilling and completion for CBM production and fracturing.From the angle of coal mine safety,this study organizes the disaster-causing mechanisms and critical control technologies for gas dynamic disasters over the past 70years.In combination with the characteristics of CBM production technologies and the demand for the prevention and control of dynamic disasters in coal mines,this study proposes some suggestions for theoretical innovation and technological breakthroughs.[Results and Conclusions] In terms of theoretical research,it is necessary to deepen the comprehensive exploration of coals and CBM and conduct fine-scale geological studies by integrating multiple approaches.Regarding control technologies,efforts should be made to further explore the control technologies for coal and gas outbursts and rock bursts,with the former including(1) outburst elimination using cavity-type tube wells+high-pressure air/liquid nitrogen/CO_(2) scrubbing + negative-pressure drainage and(2) multistage fracturing of L-shaped surface horizontal wells+production and the latter including(1) multistage hydraulic fracturing of roofs using L-shaped wells and(2)proppant injection-based multistage hydraulic fracturing for roofs using

关 键 词：煤层气开发 煤矿瓦斯动力灾害 煤与瓦斯突出 冲击地压 灾害治理 科研-工程一体化 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]