深层煤系气水平井多簇射孔分段压裂参数优化——以准噶尔盆地侏罗系白家海地区为例  

Parameter optimization for multistage horizontal well fracturing based on multi-cluster perforation for deep coal measure gas:A case study of the Jurassic Baijiahai area in the Junggar Basin

作　　者：王波[1] 金成洪 刘江[1] 王志威 李申建 盛茂[2] WANG Bo;JIN Chenghong;LIU Jiang;WANG Zhiwei;LI Shenjian;SHENG Mao(Oil Production Technology Research Institute,Xinjiang Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Karamay 834000,China;State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油新疆油田分公司采油工艺研究院,新疆克拉玛依834000 [2]油气资源与工程全国重点实验室中国石油大学(北京),北京102249

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2025年第4期86-93,共8页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52074315)。

摘　　要：【目的】水平井多簇射孔分段压裂已成为深层煤系气效益开发的有效途径之一。然而,深层煤特有的岩石力学性质、储层滤失特性和微裂缝发育特征与非常规页岩、致密砂岩及浅层煤等差异显著,现有压裂经验无法照搬,需要开展针对性压裂参数优化研究。【方法】以准噶尔盆地白家海地区深层煤系气储层为对象,建立了顶底板-夹矸-煤复合地质构造的水平井多簇射孔分段压裂模型,模型考虑煤的层理、割理对裂缝扩展和储层滤失的影响,利用小压测试数据对储层关键参数进行修正,综合表征深层煤系气储层的物理力学特性。建立了多目标条件下最优泵注参数组合设计方法,获微地震监测数据验证。【结果和结论】结果表明,变黏滑溜水体系相较低黏滑溜水体系、冻胶体系更适合深层煤系气压裂,兼具缝长、缝宽和裂缝均衡性的优势;获得目标区块压裂最优参数组合:3簇+簇间距19 m+每米加砂量2.8 m3+排量16 m3/min。试验井微地震监测结果表明,优化后裂缝半长和改造体积分别增加了57.2%和12.3%。对隔层遮挡严重的深层煤系储层,裂缝在缝高方向通常难以突破,因此,需要提高缝长和缝宽。增大砂量和排量可以显著提高缝长和缝宽,是提升改造效果的关键。[Objective] The multistage horizontal well fracturing based on multi-cluster perforation has emerged as an effective approach for the efficient production of deep coal-measure gas(CMG).However,deep coals feature unique rock mechanical properties,fluid loss characteristics of reservoirs,and microfracture developmental characteristics,which differ significantly from those of unconventional shales,tight sandstones,and shallow coals.As a result,existing fracturing experience cannot be directly applied,highlighting the investigation of fracturing parameter optimization tailored for deep CMG production.[Methods] Focusing on deep CMG reservoirs in the Baijiahai area within the Junggar Basin,this study constructed a model of multistage horizontal well fracturing based on multi-cluster perforation for a composite geological structure composed of a roof,a floor,gangue,and coals.This model considered the effects of bedding and cleats in coals on fracture propagation and the fluid loss of reservoirs.Furthermore,critical reservoir parameters in the model were corrected using data derived from mini-fracture tests.These contributed to an elevated accuracy of the model,which,therefore,allowed for the comprehensive characterization of the physical and mechanical properties of deep CMG reservoirs.The optimal fracturing fluid system for deep CMG reservoirs was selected through numerical simulation,and a method for designing the optimal pumping parameter combination under multiple objectives was developed.Finally,the simulation results were verified using microseismic data.[Results and Conclusions] The results indicate that compared to the low-viscosity slickwater and gelled systems,the variable-viscosity slickwater system was more suitable for the fracturing of deep CMG reservoirs while also enjoying advantages in terms of fracture length,fracture width,and fracture equilibrium.The optimal parameter combination for fracturing in the target block was determined to include three clusters per stage,a cluster spacing of 19 m,a proppant

关 键 词：深层煤系气 水力压裂 准噶尔盆地 参数优化 数值模拟 微地震监测 

分 类 号：TE121[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]