社会力量兴办公益事业的法治化规范路径——以公益与营利之协调为切入点  

A Regulatory Framework for Non-governmental Forces Participating in Social PublicWelfare——Taking the Coordination of PublicWelfare and Profit as the Starting Point

作　　者：付一耀 Fu Yiyao(Civil and Commercial Law School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2025年第4期70-82,158,159,共15页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“民法典与国家治理体系现代化研究”(24&ZD126)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：社会力量兴办公益事业对推进全体人民共同富裕的中国式现代化的实现具有重要意义。以公益与营利截然对立的价值取向构建的二元化规范路径在一定程度上阻碍了社会力量兴办公益事业的发展。从公益概念的构成要素、公益与营利的辩证关系出发,结合我国现有国情,可以证成社会力量兴办公益事业“公益优先,兼顾营利”的价值取向。在这一价值取向之下,可以公益属性的强弱为标准构建动态体系,作为社会力量兴办公益事业法律体系建设、相关主体权利义务分配的逻辑起点。《民法典》视域下社会力量兴办公益事业的适格主体为社会服务机构,应探索构建公益事业投资者激励机制,在满足特定条件的情况下,作为向投资者分配利润的实现路径。同时,需要坚持问题导向,在法治轨道上对社会力量兴办公益事业的运营进行持续的全过程规范,从而为持续引导、支持、规范社会力量兴办公益事业提供有力的法治保障。Non-governmental forces participating in social public welfare is of great significance to the realization of the Chinese-style modernization of common prosperity for all the people.To a certain extent,the dual normative path constructed by the value orientation of public welfare and profit has hindered the non-governmental forces to set up public welfare undertakings.Starting from the constituent elements of the concept of public welfare and the dialectical relationship between public welfare and profit,combined with the current national conditions in China,it can be proven that the value orientation of“public welfare primacy,balance profit”for non-governmental forces to establish public welfare undertakings.Under this value orientation,a dynamic system can be constructed based on the strength of public welfare attributes,which serves as the logical starting point for the construction of the legal system for non-governmental forces to establish public welfare undertakings and the allocation of rights and obligations of relevant subjects.Under the perspective of the Civil Code,the appropriate subject for non-governmental forces to establish public welfare undertakings is social service organization.It is necessary to explore the construction of incentive mechanisms for public welfare undertakings investors,which can be used as a way to distribute profits to investors under specific conditions.At the same time,it is necessary to adhere to the problem-oriented approach and carry out continuous standardization of the whole process of the operation of public welfare undertakings by non-governmental forces in the track of rule of law,including clarifying the legal structure of the relative prohibition of the mortgage of public welfare facilities,promoting the systematization and legalization of national support policies based on the nature of public welfare,and improving the regulatory legal system that combines administrative supervision and industrial supervision.So as to provide a strong legal guarantee for the

关 键 词：社会力量 公益事业 公益优先 兼顾营利 法治化规范 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]