家庭主义与个体化之间:“新家庭主义”脉络下的代际关系变迁研究与展望  

Between Familism and Individualization:The Research History and Trend on Intergenerational Relationship Transformations within the Context of“Neo-Familism”

作　　者：沈毅 桂音希 Shen Yi;Gui Yinxi(School of Social and Behavioral Sciences,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023)

机构地区：[1]南京大学社会学院,南京210023

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2025年第4期83-97,159,共16页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“家庭主义脉络下的代际关系实践与孝道变迁研究”(22ASH010)的阶段性成果;南京大学中国特色哲学社会科学自主知识体系建构“引领工程”重大研究专项课题“以‘关系’为中心的社会构造、思想脉络及其现实运行”的资助。

摘　　要：家庭主义与个体化的内在张力及其变迁分化,已然是中国人家庭关系研究领域的核心议题。本文以阎云翔的系列研究为典型代表,重在分析其演变发展的内在关联及矛盾张力。从家庭关系的“脱嵌”意涵而言,中国社会的“个体化”首先还是指向于“大家庭”亲属关系的相对分离,同时在独生子女政策及少子化格局的作用下,代际关系也更多呈现出以第三代为中心的“下行式家庭主义”的基本特征,其中更多蕴含的是从父权、孝道到亲职“责任伦理”的价值转型。随着近年来个体主义价值观的进一步转型,“新家庭主义”及“个体家庭”等概念日益承认个体选择与家庭利益之间的张力与矛盾。家庭主义与个体选择的张力与糅合正在形成不同类型的家庭结构及其代际关系。由此,社会学取向的代际关系研究亟待通过进一步的类型分化的比较分析替代总体性的理解性概念。质性研究的典型案例方法,有助于深入探讨不同具体问题与情境之下的代际关系张力与家庭结构的类型分化及其内在脉络。The inherent tension between familism and individualization,along with the analysis of its associated problems,has become a central issue in the field of Chinese family studies.This paper takes Yan Yunxiang’s series of studies as a representative example,focusing on the intrinsic connections and contradictions in their evolution.In the context of the“dis-embedment”of family relationships,individualization in Chinese society primarily refers to the relative separation from extended family ties.However,shaped by the one-child policy and the broader trend of low fertility,intergenerational relationships increasingly exhibit the core characteristics of descending familism,which prioritizes the third generation.This transformation signifies a shift in values—from patriarchal authority and filial piety to a parental ethic of responsibility.With the further evolution of individualistic values in recent years,emerging concepts such as neo-familism and the individualized family increasingly acknowledge the tension and contradictions between individual choices and familial obligations.The interplay between familism and individualization is giving rise to diverse family structures and intergenerational dynamics.Consequently,sociological research on intergenerational relationships must move beyond broad conceptual discussions and instead adopt a comparative analysis that accounts for typological differentiation.In this regard,the typical case method in qualitative research serves as a valuable approach,enabling an in-depth exploration of the differentiated patterns of family structures and intergenerational relationships,as well as the underlying mechanisms driving these changes.

关 键 词：家庭主义 个体化 代际关系 新家庭主义 类型分化 

分 类 号：C913.1[经济管理]