基于纳米荧光碳点可视化显现潜在手印的研究进展  

Research Progress in Visualization of LFPs Based on Nano Fluorescent Carbon Dots

作　　者：王九江 李大武[1] WANG Jiujiang;LI Dawu(Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology of Ministry of Public Security,College of Forensic Science,Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110854,China)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院刑事科学技术学院,痕迹检验鉴定技术公安部重点实验室,沈阳110854

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第9期24-36,共13页Materials Reports

基　　金：公安部科技强警基础工作专项(2021JC07);痕迹检验鉴定技术公安部重点实验室开放课题(2018HJKF08)。

摘　　要：案发现场的手印是一种重要的痕迹物证,对其进行显现或增强是提高手印可视化的主要方法。开发灵敏度高、稳定性好、抗干扰能力强和生物相容性良好的手印显现粉末是刑事科学技术人员的研究热点。近年来,一些应用于手印显现的新材料和新方法相继出现,弥补了传统显现方法的不足。其中以量子点、纳米荧光碳点、稀土转换发光纳米材料为主的发光材料在手印可视化显现中展现巨大的潜力。针对荧光材料发光特性,本文综述了纳米荧光碳点在手印可视化显现中的应用进展,阐述了纳米荧光碳点的合成和理化特性,评估了初态碳点粉末、复合型碳点粉末以及纳米碳点悬浮液应用于手印显现的效果,具体包括基于单一型碳点、掺杂型碳点、负载型碳点、核壳型碳点的粉末法手印显现以及基于小微粒纳米碳点悬浮液和基于特殊效应的纳米碳点悬浮液的手印显现方法,提出了碳点材料可能的发光机理,并就当前存在的问题提出了未来纳米荧光碳点应用于手印显现的发展方向。The fingerprints at the crime scene are important trace evidence and judicial officers usually improve the visualization of latent fingerprints(LFPs)by developing and enhancing them using different materials such as fingerprint powders.Therefore,the development of fingerprint powders with high sensitivity,strong anti-interference and good stability and biocompatibility is a research hotspot for criminal science and technology personnel.In recent years,some new materials and methods applied to the development of LFPs have emerged one after another,making up for the shortcomings of conventional development techniques.Among them,luminescent materials based on quantum dots,fluorescent carbon dots(CDs)and rare earth nano-materials show great potential in the development of LFPs.In view of the luminescence characteristics of fluorescent materials,this paper reviews the application progress of fluorescent carbon dots in the visualization of LFPs,describes the synthesis and physicochemical properties of CDs,and evaluates the effects of CDs powder of initial state,composite CDs powder and CDs suspension in fingerprints development,specifically including pure CDs,doped CDs,loaded CDs,core-shell CDs,CDs suspension of small particles and nano carbon dots suspension based on special effects.Meanwhile,this review proposes the possible luminescence mechanism of CDs and puts forward the future development direction of fluorescent carbon dots applied to the visualization of fingerprints based on existing problems.

关 键 词：碳点 纳米材料 潜在手印 荧光 手印可视化 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]