风电机组叶片涂层沙蚀效应的风洞试验研究  

Wind Tunnel Experimental Study on the Sand Erosion Effect of Wind Turbine Blade Coatings

作　　者：王健 张永[1] 高津 WANG Jian;ZHANG Yong(GAO Jin College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第9期189-193,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2023ZD12,2023MS05043);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目(NJZZ23031);内蒙古自治区“草原英才”工程现代农牧业工程新技术研发及应用创新人才团队(内组通字[2018]19号);内蒙古自治区高等学校创新团队(NMGIRT2312);内蒙古自治区“一流学科科研专项项目”(YLXKZX-NND-046)。

摘　　要：内蒙古的风电场主要分布于沙漠和高原地区,而位于沙尘暴多发地区的风电机组叶片表面涂层极易产生砂眼、裂纹和涂层剥落等沙蚀磨损。本工作利用风洞构建阿拉善高原的风沙环境,对旋转工况下的风轮进行了冲蚀试验。沿翼型方向:冲蚀特征数量由多到少依次为前缘、迎风面、后缘和背风面;随着风速的增大,整支叶片的冲蚀特征数量先大幅增加后增量很小。沿翼展方向:冲蚀特征的数量由少到多依次为叶根—0.3R段、0.3R—0.7R段、0.7R—叶尖段,0.7R—叶尖段的冲蚀特征数量几乎与其他两段的数量总和一样多。叶片涂层沙蚀最严重的区域是前缘的0.7R—叶尖段。沿叶根到叶尖的方向,从冲蚀形貌反映出,磨损越来越严重,沙蚀效应越来越明显。随着沙粒粒径由0~1 mm增大到1~2 mm,沙蚀效应也进一步加剧。Wind farms in Inner Mongolia are mainly distributed in deserts and plateaus.For wind turbines located in areas prone to sandstorms,the blade surface coatings are prone to sand erosion,such as sand holes,cracks,and coating peeling.In this work,the wind tunnel is utilized to construct the wind-sand environment of Alashan plateau,and the erosion test is carried out on the wind turbine under rotating working conditions.Along the airfoil direction:the number of erosion features from most to least is the leading edge,windward side,trailing edge,and leeward side;with the increase of wind speed,the number of erosion features of the entire blade first increases significantly and then increases very little.Along the spanwise direction:the number of erosion features from least to most is the blade root—0.3R section,0.3R—0.7R section,0.7R—blade tip section,and the number of erosion features in the 0.7R—blade tip section is almost the same as the sum of the numbers of the other two sections.The area with the most serious sand erosion of the blade coating is the 0.7R—blade tip section of the leading edge.Along the direction from the blade root to the blade tip,the erosion morphology reflects that the wear is getting more and more serious and the sand erosion effect is getting more and more obvious.As the sand particle size increases from 0—1 mm to 1—2 mm,the sand erosion effect is further aggravated.

关 键 词：风电机组叶片涂层 风洞 形貌特征 沙蚀效应 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]