基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的直流传导电磁泵多目标优化  

Multi-objective Optimization of DC Conduction Electromagnetic Pump Based on NSGA-ⅡAlgorithm

作　　者：陈观慈[1] 杨进 张文斌[1] 杨照林 陈永华 CHEN Guanci;YANG Jin;ZHANG Wenbin;YANG Zhaolin;CHEN Yonghua(Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《材料导报》2025年第9期194-200,共7页Materials Reports

基　　金：云南省科技厅揭榜制科技项目(202104BN050011)。

摘　　要：高集成度芯片和电子设备的热障问题已成为制约其集约化发展的瓶颈之一,利用直流传导电磁泵(DC-EMP)驱动液态金属进行传热与散热可以有效解决水冷系统沸点低、热导率低且易发生沸腾相变的问题。为提高DC-EMP的驱动效率,本工作建立了Kriging代理模型,以作用区长度L、流道宽度W、流道高度H和输入电流I作为设计变量,压力P和驱动效率η为目标函数,采用NSGA-Ⅱ算法和TOPSIS决策法进行多目标优化,并对初始方案和优化结果进行外特性试验。结果表明,数值模拟与试验结果基本吻合;优化后,DC-EMP在设计工况下的压力和效率均有所提高,相较于初始方案分别提升了32.72%和8.85%;优化后泵内平均磁感应强度增大了约36.58%,分布不均匀性降低了19.36%,流道内流体相对速度分布更均匀,削弱了磁流体动力学(Magnetohydrodynamic,MHD)效应对液态金属流动的影响;基于优化结果,在流道内安装与流速方向平行的绝缘板可以有效减小电流在作用区端部的扩散效应,提高作用区内的有效电流。The thermal barrier problem of highly integrated chips and electronic devices has become a bottleneck restricting their intensive development,the problem of low boiling point,low thermal conductivity and susceptibility to boiling phase change of traditional water-cooling system can be effectively solved by utilizing DC conduction electromagnetic pump(DC-EMP)to drive the liquid metal for heat transfer and heat dissipation.In order to improve the efficiency of the DC-EMP,a Kriging model was developed.The length of the working area,channel width,channel height and input current were taken as the design variables,and pressure and efficiency were taken as the objective functions,the NSGA-Ⅱand TOPSIS method were used for the multi-objective optimization,and the initial scheme and optimization results were tested for external characteristics.The results show that the numerical simulation is in general agreement with the experimental results.The optimized DC-EMP has improved pressure and efficiency at design conditions by 32.72%and 8.85%,respectively,compared to the initial solution.The optimized average magnetic field density in the pump increased by about 36.58%and the distribution inhomogeneity decreased by about 19.36%.The relative velocity distribution of the fluid in the flow channel is more uniform,and the magnetohydrodynamic effect on the liquid metal flow is weakened.Based on the results of optimization,the installation of insulating plates in the flow channel parallel to the direction of flow can effectively reduce the spreading effect of the current and increase the effective current.

关 键 词：液态金属 直流传导电磁泵 KRIGING模型 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TH35[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]