湘西侗族传统村落图式语言解析与修复路径研究  

The analysis and restoration path of pattern language in traditional Dong villages in Xiangxi

作　　者：李伯华[1,2,3,4] 程波 窦银娣 LI Bohua;CHENG Bo;DOU Yindi(College of Geography and Tourism,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China;Research Establishment for Human Settlement,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China;Cooperative Innovation Center for Digitalization of Cultural Heritage in Ancient Villages and Towns,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China;Traditional Village Heritage Protection and Active Utilization Key Research Base for Philosophy and Social Sciences in Hunan Province,Hengyang 421002,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院地理与旅游学院,衡阳421002 [2]湖南省人居环境学研究基地,衡阳421002 [3]古村古镇文化遗产数字化传承湖南省协同创新中心,衡阳421002 [4]传统村落遗产保护与活态利用湖南省普通高等学校哲学社会科学重点研究基地,衡阳421002

出　　处：《地理学报》2025年第3期828-850,共23页Acta Geographica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171215,42271215);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2021JJ30062,2022JJ30100);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20231237)。

摘　　要：传统村落是农耕文明时代价值留存的重要载体,在城乡融合背景下,如何解构传统村落空间要素,活化传统文化存续环境,值得深入探究。本文以湘西侗族坪坦村为例,结合图式语言理论与景观基因理论搭建解构与重构框架,探索坪坦村的要素组成与修复路径。结果显示:①对坪坦村空间景观进行图式转译,建立了整套图式语言体系。其中,“字”“词”和“词组”共92类图式语汇构成了空间要素;秩序性、尺度性、时间性和本土性图式语法形成了空间逻辑;自然、社会和文化图式语境组成了空间意境。②基于村落历史演化过程,识别出了坪坦村的主体建筑、整体布局和民族文化共3类10种核心景观基因,为重构修复路径提供了优化逻辑。③结合图式语言理论与景观基因理论构建坪坦村协同优化机制,重构出了坪坦村点类要素修葺、线性秩序修正与面状结构修补三重修复路径。研究旨在对传统村落进行图式解构、基因识别和重构修复,为传统村落物质空间的保护与传统文化的延续提供新思路、新方法。Traditional villages serve as important repositories of cultural values from the agricultural civilization era and are characterized by abundant landscape resources and cultural heritage.In the context of urban-rural integration,it is imperative to delve into deconstruction the spatial structure of traditional villages and explore ways to enhance environments conducive for the preservation of traditional culture.Using Pingtan village of Dong ethnic group in Huaihua,western Hunan province as a case study,this study adopted textual analysis method and participatory observation method,combining pattern language theory and landscape gene theory to establish a deconstruction and reconstruction framework.The aim was to explore the spatial element composition and landscape restoration path of Pingtan village.The results revealed that:(1)A comprehensive pattern language system was established by translating the spatial landscape of Pingtan village into pattern symbols.This system comprised 92 categories of words,phrases and word groups representing the spatial elements.The spatial logic was formed by pattern grammar comprising order,scale,time and local patterns,whereas the spatial context consisted of natural,social and cultural pattern contexts.(2)Thirteen core landscape genes across three categories:main architecture,overall layout and ethnic culture,were identified in Pingtan village based on the historical evolution process of the village.These findings provide a guiding framework for the landscape restoration of Pingtan village.(3)By integrating pattern language theory with landscape gene theory,a triple restoration pathway comprising point-line-surface was proposed for the repair of spatial landscape elements,adjustment of spatial order,and restoration of spatial structures.The aim of the study was to deconstruct the patterns,identify the genes and reconstruct the restoration of traditional villages,thereby providing innovative approaches for the preservation of the material space of traditional villages and the p

关 键 词：传统村落 图式语言 景观基因 修复路径 坪坦村 

分 类 号：TU982.29[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]