内蒙古地区益母草生态适宜性和品质区划研究  

Ecological Suitability and Quality Regionalization Analysis of Leonurus japonicus in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：白萨那拉图 红艳 辛颖 杨灵珍 同拉嘎 BAI Sanalatu;HONG Yan;XIN Ying;YANG Lingzhen;TONG Laga(Inner Mongolia Minzu University,Tongliao 028000,China;Mongolian Medicine National Local Joint Engineering Research Center,Tongliao 028000,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学,通辽028000 [2]蒙药研发国家地方联合工程研究中心,通辽028000

出　　处：《世界中医药》2025年第2期181-188,共8页World Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1712300);内蒙古自治区重大专项(2019ZD005);中药学(蒙药学)重点学科建设项目(ZYX004)。

摘　　要：目的:探索内蒙古地区益母草潜在适宜分布区及其优质品质药材产区分布状况。方法:本研究以益母草为研究对象,通过文献调研和实地采样获取样本地理信息,结合MaxEnt模型与ArcGIS软件预测其潜在适生区。此外,采用高效液相色谱法建立了30批益母草的指纹图谱,对盐酸益母草碱、金丝桃苷、芦丁3种成分进行含量测定,并分析益母草有效成分与环境因子的相关性。结果:益母草在内蒙古最适分布区为呼伦贝尔市、通辽市、兴安盟以及赤峰市等地区,适生区总面积约60.9万km^(2),占内蒙古总面积的51.5%,制约益母草生长分布的主导环境因子为DEM(海拔)和Bio18(最热季度降水量)对其分布影响较大,其适宜范围分别为:566 m以下和270~335 mm。而影响有效成分含量的环境因子主要为降水量与温度。结论:益母草在内蒙古分布区域较广,但适宜分布区主要集中在呼伦贝尔市、通辽市、兴安盟等地区,且上述3个地区药材含量较高,药材品质较好,该研究对于开展野生益母草野生资源保护、野生抚育、种植区划和规范化栽培推广具有深刻意义。Objective:To explore the potential suitable distribution areas and high-quality medicinal production regions of Leonurus japonicus in Inner Mongolia.Methods:This study investigated L.japonicus by collecting geographic information through literature research and field sampling.The MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software were used to predict its potential suitable habitats.Additionally,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was employed to establish fingerprint profiles of 30 batches of L.japonicus,quantifying the content of leonurine hydrochloride,hyperoside,and rutin.Correlations between active components and environmental factors were analyzed.Results:The optimal distribution areas for L.japonicus in Inner Mongolia were found in Hulunbuir,Tongliao,Xing′an League,and Chifeng,with a total suitable area of approximately 609000 km^(2),accounting for 51.5%of Inner Mongolia′s total area.The dominant environmental factors restricting the plant′s distribution were elevation(DEM)and precipitation in the hottest quarter(Bio18),with suitable ranges of≤566 m and 270 to 335 mm,respectively.The primary environmental factors affecting the content of active components were precipitation and temperature.Conclusion:L.japonicus is widely distributed in Inner Mongolia,with its optimal habitats concentrated in Hulunbuir,Tongliao,and Xing′an League,where medicinal content is high with good quality.This study provides valuable insights for the conservation,wild tending,zoning,and standardized cultivation of L.japonicus resources.

关 键 词：益母草 最大熵模型 地理信息系统 适宜性评价 品质分析 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学] Q-9[医药卫生—中医学]