2018-2022年我国医疗机构和重点人群检测发现HIV/AIDS患者特征分析  

Characteristics of HIV/AIDS cases detected by medical institutions and key populations HIV testing and counseling in China,2018-2022

作　　者：梁福鑫 秦倩倩[1] 王韶 李慧[1] 韩晶[1] 徐杰[1] LIANG Fuxin;QIN Qianqian;WANG Shaorong;LI Hui;HAN Jing;XU Jie(National Center or AIDS/STD Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2025年第3期305-311,共7页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的分析我国医疗机构和重点人群检测发现HIV/AIDS患者的特征和变化趋势,为优化HIV/AIDS患者检测发现策略、促进早发现提供参考。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统的艾滋病综合防治信息系统中的检测份数表和病例报告库模块,提取医疗机构和重点人群HIV检测数据及新报告HIV/AIDS患者相关信息。医疗机构HIV检测(PITC)包括术前检测、受血(制品)前检测、性病门诊检测、孕产期检查和其他就诊者检测,重点人群HIV检测(KPTC)包括VCT、阳性者配偶或性伴、女性阳性者子女和娱乐场所人员体检。采用SAS 9.4软件对患者特征进行描述性统计分析及Cochran-Armitage趋势性检验。结果2018-2022年,我国PITC新检测发现HIV/AIDS患者数从82045例下降至68018例,KPTC新检测发现HIV/AIDS患者数由41413例下降至25903例。PITC检测发现HIV/AIDS患者以男性(77.63%)、40~59岁(40.80%)、已婚(47.66%)、小学/初中学历(51.86%)、异性传播(79.94%)、无性病史(74.84%)为主。KPTC检测发现患者中以20~39岁(43.72%)为主,高中及以上学历占比、同性传播占比和首次CD4细胞计数≥350个/μL占比较PITC高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。PITC和KPTC中男性、40~59岁、未婚、高中及以上学历、同性传播患者占比均呈上升趋势,首次CD4细胞计数≥350个/μL占比均呈下降趋势。性病门诊检测发现患者中男性占比达88.56%,以20~39岁(54.81%)、未婚(50.52%)、无性病史(60.76%)为主。结论医疗机构检测发现患者相较于重点人群年龄偏大、学历低、更晚被发现,医疗机构检测发现患者数显著高于重点人群。应发挥两种检测方式各自在检测发现方面的优势,促进艾滋病检测发现。Objective To analyze the characteristics and trends of HIV/AIDS cases newly detected through providerinitiated HIV testing and counseling(PITC) by medical institutions and key population HIV testing and counseling(KPTC) in China and to provide a reference for optimizing testing strategies to enhance HIV/AIDS case detection and promote early diagnosis. Methods HIV testing data from medical institutions and key populations, as well as information on newly reported HIV/AIDS cases, were extracted from the test tables and case report database modules of the Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control Information System of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The medical institutions group included patients tested preoperatively, before transfusion, from sexually transmitted disease(STD) clinics, prenatal care clinics, and other medical settings. The KPTC group included people who underwent voluntary counseling and testing, spouses or sexual partners and children of HIV-positive individuals, and those tested as part of routine physical examinations in entertainment venues. Descriptive statistical analyses of case characteristics and the Cochran-Armitage test for trends were performed using SAS 9.4 software.Results From 2018 to 2022, the number of newly detected cases through PITC declined from 82,045 to 68,018, while the number of newly detected cases through KPTC declined from 41, 413 to 25, 903. HIV/AIDS cases detected through PITC were predominantly male(77.63%), aged 40-59 years old(40.80%), married(47.66%), received primary/junior high school education(51.86%), acquired HIV through heterosexual transmission(79.94%), and had no history of STDs(74.84%). Cases detected through KPTC were predominantly aged 20-39 years old(43.72%), with a significantly higher proportion possessing a high school education or above, acquiring HIV through homosexual transmission, and first CD4 cell count ≥350 cells/μL count compared to those detected through PITC(P< 0.001). An upward trend was also observed in the

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒感染者/艾滋病患者 医疗机构艾滋病病毒检测 重点人群检测 咨询检测 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]