正念癌症康复对患者疾病不确定感、创伤后成长的干预效果  

The intervention effects of mindfulness-based cancer recovery on illness uncertainty and post-traumatic growth in patients

作　　者：谢明晖 赵汉美 刘丽英 叶雨英 杨智辉[3] XIE Minghui;ZHAO Hanmei;LIU Liying;YE Yuying;YANG Zhihui(Department of Interventional Radiology,The First Afiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University,Shanghai 200433,China;Fifth Medical Center,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing 100039,China;School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing100083,China)

机构地区：[1]海军军医大学第一附属医院介入科,上海200433 [2]解放军总医院第五医学中心,北京100039 [3]北京林业大学人文社会科学学院,北京100083

出　　处：《心理月刊》2025年第6期18-23,55,共7页

摘　　要：目的探讨正念癌症康复(MBCR)对癌症患者疾病不确定感、创伤后成长(PTG)的干预效果。方法选取2022年11月~2022年12月海军军医大学第一附属医院和解放军总医院第五医学中心收治的117例肿瘤患者作为研究对象,经自愿选择或匹配分组区分3组。实验组参加线上MBCR课程,以及完成不同时长的正念练习作业进行正念干预,实验A组每天正念练习15 min,实验B组每天正念练习30 min,对照组未做任何处理。采用五因素正念觉察量表(FFMQ)、成人疾病不确定感量表(MUIS-A)和创伤后成长量表(PTGI)在MBCR干预前后及干预结束后的第4周进行3次问卷调查,对比各实验组、对照组干预不同时间点的变化。结果正念水平:实验A组、实验B组呈现随时间逐渐上升趋势,对照组变化不明显,且实验A组变化好于实验B组,3组FFMQ总分在不同时间点、时间点与组别的交互作用存在显著差异(P<0.01),各时点组间两两比较,仅在T3阶段,实验A组与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疾病不确定感水平:3组都呈现出逐渐下降的趋势,但对照组变化相对平缓,MUIS-A总分在不同时点差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),组别间、时点与组别的交互作用均无显著差异(P>0.05)。PTG干预前后变化:3组均呈现逐渐攀升的趋势,但实验组比对照组提升明显,且实验A组好于实验B组,3组PTGI总分在不同时点有显著差异(P<0.01)。结论MBCR可以提高癌症患者的正念水平,降低疾病不确定感,促进PTG的产生或提升。同时正念练习15 min效果优于正念练习30 min,15 min正念癌症康复训练对癌症患者保持身心健康、促进疾病康复有着积极作用。Objective To explore the intervention effects of mindfulness-based cancer recovery(MBCR)on illness uncertainty and post-traumatic growth(PTG)in cancer patients.Methods A total of 117 cancer patients admitted to the First Afiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University and the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from November 2022 to December 2022 were selected as subjects.Participants were divided into three groups through voluntary selection or matched grouping.The experimental groups received online MBCR courses and mindfulness practice assignments of different durations:Group A practiced 15 minutes daily,while Group B practiced 30 minutes daily.The control group received no intervention.Three questionnaire surveys were conducted using the five facet mindfulness questionnaire(FFMQ),mishel uncertainty in illness scale for adults(MUIS-A),and post-traumatic growth inventory(PTGI)at baseline,post-intervention,and 4 weeks after intervention.Changes across time points were compared among groups.Results Mindfulness levels:Groups A and B showed gradual increases over time,with Group A demonstrating better improvement than Group B.The control group showed no significant changes.Significant differences in FFMQ total scores were observed across time points(P<0.01)and in time-group interactions(P<0.01).Intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences only between Group A and the control group at T3(P<0.05).Ilness uncertainty:All groups showed gradual declines,though the control group exhibited milder reductions.MUIS-A scores differed significantly across time points(P<0.01),but no significant intergroup or interaction effects were found(P>0.05).PTG changes:All groups displayed upward trends,with experimental groups showing greater improvement than the control group,particularly Group A.PTGI scores differed significantly across time points(P<0.01).Conclusion MBCR can enhance mindfulness levels,reduce illness uncertainty,and promote PTG development in cancer patients.Notably,15-minute daily mindf

关 键 词：正念 癌症患者 正念癌症康复 疾病不确定感 创伤后成长 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]