非轴对称情况下圆形隧洞锚杆参数优化设计的解析方法  

Analytical Method for Optimal Design of Bolt Parameters in Circular Tunnel Under Non-axisymmetric Condition

作　　者：吴庆良 吴顺川 王惠贤 WU Qingliang;WU Shunchuan;WANG Huixian(College of Engineering and Technology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Key Laboratory of Geohazard Forecast and Geoecological Restoration in Platean Mountainous Area,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China,Kunming 650093,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400715 [2]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [3]自然资源部高原山地地质灾害预报预警与生态保护修复重点实验室,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2025年第1期182-191,共10页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52334004)。

摘　　要：锚杆支护方案的优化设计是隧洞施工及运营安全的重要保障措施之一.首先在非轴对称应力场假设下,基于锚杆均匀化理论,采用弹性力学半逆解法,推导了非轴对称应力场下含锚杆支护体的深埋圆形隧洞应力解析解;然后以虚拟支护力最小为准则,以开挖边界附近的变形量为约束,构建锚杆优化目标函数;最后通过两种方法对锚杆支护方案进行比选和优化.研究表明:(1)优化目标函数的构建是锚杆支护方案设计的重要环节,不同的目标函数构建准则会得到不同的最优方案,其他工程要求可补充为约束条件,也影响着最优方案的选择;(2)通过锚杆参数敏感性分析可知,影响支护力最大的因素是锚杆间距,其次是锚杆直径和锚杆长度.针对实际工程的锚杆设计中,在满足工程安全的前提下为减少锚杆支护工程造价,最优先考虑的措施应该是缩短锚杆长度.在实际工程中,建议采用力学解析与数值模拟相结合的方法以提高寻优效率,期望该研究能为类似隧洞工程中锚杆支护参数的优化设计提供参考.The optimal design of bolt support scheme is one of the important guarantees for the safety of tunnel construction and operation.Firstly,with the assumption of non-axisymmetric stress field,based on the homogenization theory of bolt and the semi-inverse method of elasticity,the analytical stress solution for a bolted circular tunnel at great depth under non-axisymmetric stress field was derived.Then,taking the minimum virtual supporting force as the criterion and the deformation of the excavation boundary as the constraint,the bolt optimized objective function was constructed;Finally,the bolt support schemes were compared and optimized by two methods.It is shown that:(1)the construction of optimized objective function is an important part in the design of bolt support schemes.Different criterion for objective functions construction will receive different optimal schemes,and other engineering requirements can be added as constraints,which affects the selection of optimal schemes;(2)with the sensitivity analysis of bolt parameters,it can be known that the biggest factor affecting the support force is the bolt pitch,followed by the bolt diameter,and then the bolt length.In the bolt design of practical engineering,in order to decrease the cost of bolting engineering under the requirement of safety,the measure should be given priority is to shorten the bolt length.It is suggested to combine analytical method with numerical simulation to improve the optimization efficiency in the practical engineering,and it is expected that this study can provide reference for the optimal design of bolt support parameters in similar tunnel engineering.

关 键 词：非轴对称应力场 圆形隧洞 锚杆 虚拟支护力 参数优化 

分 类 号：TV222[水利工程—水工结构工程]