基于血液的多指标体系在疾病诊断等领域的应用前景  

The Application Prospects of Blood-based Multi-biomarker System in Disease Diagnosis and Other Fields

作　　者：黄伟达 王宗海 HUANG Weida;WANG Zonghai(Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2025年第2期142-145,共4页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

摘　　要：生物网络是高度复杂的网络,基因网络是生物网络的核心要素。生物网络中的每个基因活动都会受到其他邻近基因的正反双向影响。多指标体系是研究和表征生物网络的合适手段,核心工作是快捷获得数以百计生物标志物的测定值,再通过各种算法来评估生物网络的状况,挖掘出与临床症状高度关联的标志物,建立疾病与生物标志物之间的量化关系。多指标体系对生物标志物有若干要求,包括要有足够多的候选数,以抽血检测为优选,可用同一种方法完成所有测定(即高度同质化)等。采用“生物标志物测定”和“算法建立”的组合策略,除了可用于疾病的精准诊断,还能助力新药研发过程的药效评估、治疗过程的疗效评估、中药材的质量控制、保健品功效评估等领域。按照生物信息流可将生物分子分类成4代,比较它们作为生物标志物的优缺点可知,微小RNA(miRNAs)可能是最适合用于表征生物网络的生物标志物候选。本研究尝试从生物网络的特点出发进行探索,旨在为疾病诊断、新药研发等领域的研发工作提供新思路。Biological networks are highly complex networks,and gene networks are the core elements of biological networks.Each gene activity in a biological network is influenced in both directions by neighboring genes.Multi-biomarker system could be a suitable means of studying and characterizing biological networks.Its core task is to quickly and cost-efficiently obtain measurement values of hundreds of biomarkers,and then evaluate the status of bio-networks through various algorithms,mining biomarkers highly correlated with clinical symptoms,and establishing quantitative relationships between diseases and biomarkers.The multi-biomarker system has several requirements for biomarkers,including having a sufficient number of candidates,preferring blood samples for measuring,and obtaining all the measurements in a single operation procedure(i.e.,highly homogeneous).The strategy of combination of"biomarker measurement"and"algorithm exploration"can not only be used for precise diagnosis of diseases,but also be applied to the efficacy evalu-ation of new drug development,treatment efficacy evaluation,quality control of traditional Chinese medicine,and efficacy evaluation of food supplements,and etc.According to the biological information flow,biomolecules can be classified into 4 generations.Comparing their advantages and disadvantages as biomarkers,microRNAs(miRNAs)may be the most suitable candidate biomarkers for characteriz-ing biological networks.This study attempts to provide new ideas for research and development in fields such as disease diagnosis and new drug development,basing on the characteristics of biological networks.

关 键 词：多指标体系 生物网络 基因网络 疾病诊断 MIRNA 生物标志物测定 算法建立 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]