淋巴细胞抗原6家族成员介导肿瘤发生发展的研究进展  

Research Progress of Lymphocyte Antigen 6 Family Members Mediating Tumorigenesis and Development

作　　者：马小静 郭蓉艳 郭志祥 MA Xiaojing;GUO Rongyan;GUO Zhixiang(Department of Laboratory,the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine,and International School of Medicine,International Institutes of Medicine,Zhejiang University,Zhejiang Yiwu 322000,China;College of Health Science and Technology,Western Yunnan University of Applied Sciences,Yunnan Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院附属第四医院,国际医学院,国际健康医学研究院,检验科,浙江义乌322000 [2]滇西应用技术大学健康科技学院,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国医药导刊》2025年第2期151-156,共6页Chinese Journal of Medicinal Guide

摘　　要：淋巴细胞抗原6(Ly6)基因家族,在多种肿瘤组织中高表达。小鼠Ly6家族中,最早发现的Ly6家族蛋白成员是Ly6A,主要表达于淋巴细胞。近年来,位于人类8号染色体的Ly6D、Ly6E、Ly6H及Ly6K等成员分子先后被报道高表达于肿瘤组织。典型的Ly6家族基因由3个外显子和2个内含子组成,该信号肽被编码在第1个外显子中,成熟的多肽由后两个外显子编码,GPI锚定结构域由第3个外显子编码。虽然Ly6家族蛋白具有共同的结构,但其表达模式和功能各不相同,这些蛋白的结构可能在跨膜相互作用以及下游信号转导级联中发挥重要作用。Ly6基因家族在不同物种间是保守的,该家族的基因在多个染色体上的簇组织表明,基因复制和易位在其进化中都发挥了作用。研究发现,Ly6家族成员在癌组织中的表达高于正常组织,在多种癌症的不同亚型中是异质性的,且与患者的不良预后显著相关。肿瘤组织表达的多种Ly6家族蛋白成员在介导肿瘤发生发展的过程中具有重要的临床意义。本综述旨在讨论Ly6家族成员在肿瘤微环境中的表达及其介导肿瘤发生发展的研究进展,以期为免疫治疗有效应用临床治疗提供理论基础。Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex(Ly6)gene family members are highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues.In the mouse Ly6 family,the earliest member of Ly6 protein family is Ly6A,which is mainly expressed in lymphocytes.In recent years,member mol-ecules such as Ly6D,Ly6E,Ly6H and Ly6K located on human chromosome 8 have been reported to be highly expressed in tumor tis-sues.Ly6 family gene consists of 3 exons and 2 introns;the signaling peptide is encoded in the first exon,the mature polypeptide is encoded by the latter two exons,and the GPI anchor domain is encoded by the third exon.Although Ly6 family proteins share a common structure,their expression patterns and functions are different,and the structure of these proteins may play an important role in trans-membrane interactions as well as downstream signal transduction cascades.The Ly6 gene family is conserved across species,and the cluster organization of the family's genes on multiple chromosomes suggests that both gene replication and translocation played a role in their evolution.A large number of studies have found that the expression of Ly6 family members in cancer tissues is higher than that in normal tissues,is heterogeneous in different subtypes of multiple cancers,and is significantly associated with poor prognosis of patients.It has been reported that various Ly6 family protein members expressed in tumor tissues have important clinical significance in mediating the development and progression of tumor.The purpose of this review is to discuss the expression of lymphocyte antigen 6 family members in the tumor microenvironment and research progress in mediating tumorigenesis and development,to provide a theoretical basis for the effective application of immunotherapy in clinical treatment.

关 键 词：淋巴细胞抗原6家族 肿瘤 肿瘤微环境 肿瘤发生发展 

分 类 号：R392.1[医药卫生—免疫学]