2018-2024年黔西南布依族苗族自治州耐药结核病耐药特征及影响因素分析  

Characterization of drug-resistant tuberculosis resistance and analysis of influencing factors in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from 2018 to 2024

作　　者：刘华 李莉 李莹莹 张广蕾 LIU Hua;LI Li;LI Yingying;ZHANG Guanglei(Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi,Guizhou 563000,China;People′s Hospital of Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Qianxinan Prefecture,Guizhou 562400,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学,贵州遵义563000 [2]黔西南布依族苗族自治州人民医院,贵州黔西南州562400

出　　处：《临床肺科杂志》2025年第5期756-760,共5页Journal of Clinical Pulmonary Medicine

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2023-291)。

摘　　要：目的分析黔西南布依族苗族自治州结核患者耐药率及其影响因素,为进一步完善少数民族地区耐药结核病防控政策提供参考依据。方法收集2018年1月—2024年6月黔西南州符合标准718例结核分枝杆菌株进行药物敏感试验,对相关表型进行数据分析及因素分析。结果黔西南州总耐药率达28.13%,初治患者耐药率为15.78%。2018年-2024年结核患者总体耐药率呈弱相关的线性上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)值=49.063,P<0.01,R值=0.173,P<0.01)。青中年患者、脑力劳动者及居住于农村是耐药结核病的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。结论黔西南州地区结核患者耐药率仍处于较高水平,应强化普通肺结核的临床治疗和管理,对重点人群加强筛查,同时进一步对耐药结核病防治进行宣传,减少耐药结核病的感染及传播。Objective To analyze the drug-resistant rate of tuberculosis patients and its influencing factors in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,and to provide a reference basis for further improving the prevention and control policy of drug-resistant tuberculosis in ethnic minority areas.Methods From January 2018 to June 2024,718 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains meeting the criteria in Qianxinan Prefecture were collected for drug sensitivity test,and the related phenotypes were analyzed for data and factors.Results The total drug resistance rate in Qianxinan Prefecture was 28.13%,and the drug resistance rate in initial treatment patients was 15.78%.The overall drug resistance rate of TB patients showed a weakly correlated linear upward trend from 2018 to 2024(χ_(trend)^(2)=49.063,P<0.01,R=0.173,P<0.01).Young and middle-aged patients,mental workers and living in rural areas were the main risk factors for drug-resistant TB(P<0.05).Conclusion The drug resistance rate of tuberculosis patients in Qianxinan Prefecture is still at a high level.Clinical treatment and management of common tuberculosis should be strengthened,screening of key groups should be strengthened,and the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis should be further propagated to reduce the infection and spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis.

关 键 词：分枝杆菌 结核 抗多种药物性 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]