政策引用视角下政策核心要素变迁与治理结构演进  

Core Element Identification and Governance Structure Evolution of Policies:A Policy Citation Perspective

作　　者：巴志超 范呈镭 刘蕾蕾 李纲[3] Ba Zhichao;Fan Chenglei;Liu Leilei;Li Gang(Research Institute for Data Management&Innovation,Nanjing University,Suzhou 215163;School of Information Management,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023;Center for Studies of Information Resources,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072)

机构地区：[1]南京大学数据管理创新研究中心,苏州215163 [2]南京大学信息管理学院,南京210023 [3]武汉大学信息资源研究中心,武汉430072

出　　处：《情报学报》2025年第4期381-397,共17页Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“科学-技术耦合视角下新兴产业领域科技共生演化与协同创新机制研究”(72374098);江苏省社会科学基金青年项目“科学-技术耦合视角下前沿科技互动模式与协同创新路径研究”(22TQC001)。

摘　　要：识别政策体系中的核心要素与结构有助于追踪政策执政理念变迁与演进规律,揭示政策制定与设计范式和推动政策要素复用与迁移。基于政策内容挖掘和引用网络分析方法,揭示特定领域核心政策目标、工具与措施要素变迁路径和治理结构。首先,构建特定领域政策要素模板库,基于机器学习算法识别与提取政策体系中语境要素及引用关系;其次,引入政策文献特有属性和引证特征,提出节点跳转概率优化的PageRank算法以精准识别不同时期核心要素并构建时序引用网络;最后,分析政策目标、工具和措施子要素的动态排序与网络结构演进,揭示特定领域核心要素变迁路径、配置结构特征与政府治理规律。以1980—2020年中国大规模能源政策为研究样本,研究发现,考虑政策属性的PageRank算法优化更能准确评估政策体系中不同政策要素的实际影响力和重要性;能源领域政策目标呈现多层次、多样化的演进结构,政策工具注意力偏好表现出“环境型政策工具>需求型政策工具>供给型政策工具”的分布特征;政策治理手段逐渐趋于完善与合理,政策变迁呈现兼容性和渐进式的演进路径。Identifying the core elements and structure of a policy system facilitates tracking the evolution of governance concepts and disclosing paradigms of policy formulation and design;this helps promote the reuse and migration of policy elements.This study leverages policy content mining and citation network analysis techniques to understand the evolving trajectory and governance structure of core policy objectives,instruments,and measures within a specific sector.First,a template library encapsulating the core elements of policies is developed,enabling the identification and extraction of contextual elements and citation relationships within the policy system through machine-learning algorithms.Next,a refined PageRank algorithm optimized for node jump probability is introduced to identify core elements across different periods and construct a time-series citation network by incorporating the inherent attributes and citation features of policy docu‐ments. Finally, an analysis of the dynamic ranking and evolving network structure of subcategories of policy objectives, in‐struments, and measures sheds light on the developmental pathways, structural configuration characteristics, and gover‐nance patterns of the core elements. Utilizing China’s large-scale energy policies from 1980 to 2020 as an empirical case, the results reveal that an optimized PageRank algorithm incorporating policy attributes provides a more precise evaluation of the actual influence and significance of policy elements. Furthermore, energy policy objectives exhibit a multi-tiered and diversified evolutionary structure, with a preferential focus on environmental policy tools, followed by demand-orient‐ed and supply-oriented policy tools. Additionally, policy governance methods are evolving toward greater completeness and rationality, with policy changes exhibiting a compatible and incremental evolutionary trajectory.

关 键 词：政策引用网络 政策要素识别 治理结构演进 PAGERANK算法 能源政策 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]