扬州家庭厨余垃圾重金属赋存特征与风险评价  

Occurrence Characteristic and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Yangzhou Household Food Waste

作　　者：夏青 徐孝健 张虞婷[2] 周呈亚 刘海春[2] XIA Qing;XU Xiaojian;ZHANG Yuting;ZHOU Chengya;LIU Haichun(Yangzhou Environmental Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225000;College of Biological and Chemical Engineering,Yangzhou Polytechnic University,Yangzhou Jiangsu 225000)

机构地区：[1]江苏省扬州环境监测中心,江苏扬州225000 [2]扬州市职业大学生物与化工工程学院,江苏扬州225000

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2025年第2期50-54,共5页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

摘　　要：以扬州不同区域(广陵区、邗江区、江都区)的5个小区1 a内的家庭厨余垃圾样品为调查对象,分析了厨余垃圾中重金属As、Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn的浓度,探索厨余垃圾作为堆肥原料的适用性并进行重金属污染风险评价。结果表明:Ni、Cd、Pb、As浓度相对较低,Cu和Zn浓度相对较高,最大值分别为6.35、0.68、2.81、0.49、26.1、58.2 mg/kg。通过对比分析,厨余垃圾中As、Pb、Cd含量远低于NY/T 525—2021有机肥料的限值,Pb、Cd、Ni、Cu、As含量亦远低于GB 36600—2018土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)中第二类用地的土壤污染风险筛选值,表明扬州厨余垃圾宜作为堆肥原料。根据Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法计算得到厨余垃圾重金属潜在生态风险指数RI为0.45,表明家庭厨余垃圾由Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Ni造成的潜在生态风险较低,作为堆肥原料得到的有机肥料施用于园林绿化,具有一定的安全性。Taking the household food waste in five residential areas in different districts of Yangzhou(Guangling district,Hanjiang district and Jiangdu district)within one year as the objects,the concentration of heavy metals(As,Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn)in food waste was analyzed.Meanwhile,the applicability of food waste as composting raw material was researched and pollution risk assessment of heavy metals was carried out.The results showed that the concentration of Ni,Cd,Pb,As were relatively low,while the concentration of Cu and Zn were relatively high,with the maximum values of 6.35,0.68,2.81,0.49,26.1,58.2 mg/kg,respectively.Through comparative analysis,the concentration of As,Pb and Cd in food waste were far lower than the limit of NY/T 525—2021 Organic Fertilizer,and the concentration of Pb,Cd,Ni,Cu,As were also much lower than the soil pollution risk screening value of the second type of land in GB 36600—2018 Soil Environmental Quality-Risk Control Standard for Soil Contamination of Development Land,which indicated that the food waste in Yangzhou would be suitable for composting raw material.According to the Hakanson potential ecological risk index method,the potential ecological risk index RI of heavy metals in food waste was calculated to be 0.45,indicating that the potential ecological risk caused by Cd,As,Pb,Cu and Ni of household food waste was low,and the organic fertilizer obtained by household food waste as compost raw materials would be safe to be applied to landscaping.

关 键 词：家庭厨余垃圾 重金属 资源化利用 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4