垃圾填埋场快速通风预处理的工艺设计及探索  

Process Design and Exploration of Rapid Ventilation Pretreatment for Landfills

作　　者：元妙新 葛恩燕 占升 徐华锺 陈欢 YUAN Miaoxin;GE Enyan;ZHAN Sheng;XU Huazhong;CHEN Huan(CECEP Dadi(Hangzhou)Environmental Remediation Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310016;Zhejiang Urbanization Development Research Center,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310000)

机构地区：[1]中节能大地(杭州)环境修复有限公司,浙江杭州310016 [2]浙江省城市化发展研究中心,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2025年第2期95-101,共7页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

基　　金：浙江省科技计划项目(2022C03095)。

摘　　要：生活垃圾填埋场在逐渐退出历史舞台,但填埋垃圾稳定化周期长,在其降解过程中仍将持续产生渗滤液、填埋气,存在较大风险,近年来可彻底消除存量垃圾风险且可腾出土地资源的开挖筛分资源化技术愈发受到市场青睐。伴随垃圾开挖筛分产生的填埋气安全、环境风险是该技术面临的关键问题,本研究提出的快速通风预处理技术可快速削减垃圾堆体中填埋气污染负荷,有效保障垃圾安全开挖、减小异臭味影响,且该技术具备快速建井、快速安装及转移等特点,与开挖施工的匹配性好。通过开展现场试验,优化其工艺运行参数设计并验证处理效果,结果表明:经7 d的快速通风预处理,可实现垃圾堆体中甲烷浓度<2.5%,抽提尾气处理后满足GB 14554—1993恶臭污染物排放标准的限值要求。Domestic waste landfills are gradually withdrawing from the stage of history,but the landfill waste stabilization cycle is long,in its degradation process will continue to produce leachate and landfill gas,which has a greater risk.In recent years,the excavation and screening resource utilization technology,which can completely eliminate the risk of waste storage and free up land resources,has been increasingly favored by the market.And the safety and environmental risks of landfill gas generated by excavation and sieving of garbage are the key problems faced by this technology.The rapid ventilation pretreatment technology proposing in this study can quickly reduce the landfill gas pollution load in the garbage pile,effectively guarantee the safe excavation of garbage and reduce the impact of odor,and the technology has the characteristics of rapid well construction,rapid installation and transfer,as well as good match with the excavation construction.Field tests were carried out to optimize the design of process operation parameters and verify the treatment effect of this technology.Result showed that after 7 days of rapid ventilation pretreatment,the methane concentration in the landfill body could be less than 2.5%,which could meet the limit requirements of GB 14554—1993 Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants.

关 键 词：填埋场 垃圾开挖 填埋气风险 快速 预处理 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]