空心玻璃微珠固体浮力材料研究进展  

Research progress on hollow glass microspheres-based solid buoyancy materials

作　　者：张建峰[1] 张政 柳雷 李满江 汪俊 刘亚辉 李改叶[1] 许传华 ZHANG Jianfeng;ZHANG Zheng;LIU Lei;LI Manjiang;WANG Jun;LIU Yahui;LI Gaiye;XU Chuanhua(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210000,China;Sinosteel Maanshan New Material Technology Co.,Ltd,Ma anshan 243000,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京210000 [2]中钢集团马鞍山矿院新材料科技有限公司,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2025年第3期32-42,共11页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:52478395;安徽省科技重大专项,编号:2021e03020005。

摘　　要：【目的】为了开发高性能空心玻璃微珠填充型固体浮力材料,同时推动深海海洋资源开发与科考活动,探讨空心玻璃微珠填充型固体浮力材料的相关研究。【研究现状】从深海环境对固体浮力材料密度、强度、吸水性等多重严苛指标要求角度考虑,介绍固体浮力材料基体选择与改性、空心玻璃微珠填料的改性与复合方法;对比分析空心玻璃微珠固体浮力材料的搅拌浇注、真空浸渍、模压3种成型制备工艺及改性方向;概括国内外空心玻璃微珠固体浮力材料的应用情况。【结论与展望】研究提出在空心玻璃微珠固体浮力材料制备过程中,应充分考虑树脂、填料及成型方法对材料性能的影响,认为真空浸渍法更有利于微珠在树脂基体均匀分布和提高浮力材料的强度,未来可结合人工智能开发智能浮力材料,拓宽其在深海、极地等极端环境的应用前景。Significance Hollow glass microspheres(HGMs)-filled solid buoyancy materials have attracted widespread scientific and tech-nological attention due to their key role in deep-sea exploration and marine resource exploitation.These materials exhibit the advantages of low density,high strength,and exceptional water resistance,making them highly suitable for marine equipment,underwater operations,and deep-sea submersibles.Over the past few decades,advancements in HGMs have made them an ideal material for lightweight and high-strength composites.However,conventional HGMs-filled composites still face chal-lenges,including limited compressive strength and insufficient long-term durability in extreme deep-sea environments.This paper provides a systematic review and analysis of the current research on HGMs-filled solid buoyancy materials,aiming to guide the future development of high-performance composites and further advance deep-sea marine resource exploitation and sci-entific activities.Progress To improve the performance of solid buoyancy materials,researchers have explored various approaches focusing on matrix,filler,and composite methods.Studies have explored matrices such as geopolymer,modified epoxy resin,and phenolic resin to achieve solid buoyancy materials with low water absorption and high-temperature resistance.Other efforts have focused on HGM modification through high-temperature treatment and surface grafting,effectively enhancing interfacial bonding with epoxy resin and improving material properties.Currently,the primary molding methods for HGMs-filled solid buoyancy materi-als include stir casting,vacuum impregnation,and molding.Stir casting method,though has a simple preparation process,exhibits limitations such as uneven HGM distribution,breakage,and matrix porosity.To address these issues,a heap-firing method has been developed to prepare HGMs-based porous ceramics,which were then used as preforms.High-performance buoyancy materials were produced by combining these preforms with epoxy resin through vacu

关 键 词：固体浮力材料 空心玻璃微珠 成型工艺 研究进展 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TB44