基于光热转换和高级氧化过程进行水处理的纳米材料研究进展  

Advances in nanomaterials for water treatment based on photothermal conversion and advanced oxidation processes

作　　者：宁廓 李静 闫良国 宋雯 NING Kuo;LI Jing;YAN Liangguo;SONG Wen(School of Water Conservancy and Environment,University of Jinan,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南大学水利与环境学院,山东济南250022

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2025年第3期78-88,共11页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:21577048。

摘　　要：【目的】结合光热转换和高级氧化过程,寻求一种可持续、环保、低碳的水处理方案,解决水污染和水资源短缺问题。【研究现状】首先概述基于光热转换过程的金属、碳和半导体3类纳米材料,然后概述基于高级氧化过程的光催化、芬顿和类芬顿反应、电催化、活化过硫酸盐4类纳米材料;最后着重综述基于光热转换-高级氧化过程的金属氧化物、金属有机框架和其他复合纳米材料3类纳米材料,指出该类材料通过提供催化活性位点、增强光热效应、参与电子传递等多种途径实现光热转换-高级氧化过程;介绍各种复合纳米材料的制备方法、蒸发速率、光热转换效率以及对有机污染物的降解效率,研究纳米复合材料在净化水体、降解水中有机污染物中的工作机制。【结论与展望】基于光热转换-高级氧化过程的纳米复合材料中可同时兼顾水资源短缺和水污染问题,并提高水处理效率。Significance Photothermal conversion is a novel water treatment technology developed in recent years.It utilizes photothermal materials to convert solar energy into thermal energy for efficient water evaporation.If wastewater contains non-degradable or toxic organic compounds,advanced oxidation processes can degrade organic pollutants by generating highly oxidative free radi-cals or non-radical species.Combining photothermal conversion with advanced oxidation processes can leverage both their advantages,achieving water evaporation and degradation of pollutants simultaneously.Nanomaterials,with their unique physi-cal,chemical,and nanoscale properties,can serve as catalysts,adsorbents,or carriers in water treatment methods,including advanced oxidation processes,adsorptive coagulation techniques,and biological water treatment systems,providing new materi-als to address water scarcity and pollution.Progress Nanomaterials based on photothermal conversion processes primarily include metal(gold,silver,aluminum,copper,palladium,etc.)nanomaterials,carbon nanomaterials(carbon nanotubes,GO,rGO,etc.),and semiconductor nanomaterials(TiO2,Ti2O3,MoS2,Fe3O4,etc.).Additionally,ceramics,nitrides,and organic polymers such as polypyrrole are also com-monly used as photothermal conversion materials.Nanomaterials based on advanced oxidation processes mainly include photo-catalytic materials(TiO2,ZnO,CdS,BN,etc.),Fenton and Fenton-like reaction materials(Fe3O4,Fe2O3,FeO,etc.),elec-trocatalytic materials(MnO2,PbO2,MoS2,CoS2,TiN,graphene,carbon nanotubes),and activated persulfate materials.Nano-materials with both photothermal conversion and catalytic capabilities include metal oxides(TiO2,ZnO,Fe2O3,CuO),metal-organic framework(MOFs),and composite nanomaterials.Conclusions and Prospects Photothermal conversion nanomaterials,due to their nanoscale size,large surface area,and strong light absorption capabilities,can achieve efficient photothermal conversion,significantly enhancing water evaporation rate and making water treatment more effi

关 键 词：纳米材料 光热转换过程 高级氧化过程 水处理 

分 类 号：TB4[一般工业技术] TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]