碳量子点复合材料的制备及应用研究进展  

Research progress of preparation and applications of carbon quantum dot composites

作　　者：杨蕾 黄效东 单海 舒项辰 邓崇海 周宁宁 胡坤宏 YANG Lei;HUANG Xiaodong;SHAN Hai;SHU Xiangchen;DENG Chonghai;ZHOU Ningning;HU Kunhong(School of Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering,Hefei University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥大学能源材料与化工学院安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《中国粉体技术》2025年第3期113-121,共9页China Powder Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,编号:61804039,52075144;合肥大学人才科研基金项目,编号:20RC35。

摘　　要：【目的】梳理碳量子点(carbon quantum dots,CQDs)基复合材料的制备方法及研究进展。【研究现状】总结CQDs复合材料的制备方法,如化学消融法、电化学碳化法、激光烧蚀法、微波辐射法和水热合成法;概括CQDs复合材料在CO_(2)还原有机污染降解、生物医学、光电催化和传感器等方面的应用。【结论与展望】指出CQDs作为一种环保、高效的功能材料,合成技术的精细调控、发光机制的深入研究是未来的主要方向。Significance Compared to traditional semiconductor quantum dots,carbon quantum dots(CQDs)offer advantages such as envi-ronmental friendliness,low cost,and ease of preparation,which have attracted widespread interest among researchers.This paper reviews the preparation methods and research progress of CQD-based composite materials.Progress Researchers have utilized various reactants and precursors,employing multiple synthetic pathways to produce CQDs.The two primary synthesis routes are the top-down and bottom-up approaches.In the top-down synthesis approach,larger car-bon materials,such as carbon nanotubes,are broken down under specific conditions to form small-sized CQDs.This approach includes methods such as chemical ablation,electrochemical carbonization,and laser ablation,which significantly simplify the preparation process.Since carbon is used as the raw material,these methods are cost-effective and suitable for large-scale pro-duction.However,it is challenging to precisely control the size of the CQDs,and the decomposition process may generate defects,impacting their performance.In contrast,the bottom-up synthesis method uses small molecules and compounds(e.g.,carbohydrates)as precursors to build more complex structures,primarily through microwave radiation or hydrothermal synthe-sis.The bottom-up approach allows precise control over the size,shape,and surface functionalization of CQDs,resulting in fewer defects and improved optical properties.However,this approach is more complex and requires special precursors,increas-ing synthesis difficulty and cost.CQDs are widely applied in areas such as photocatalysis,pollutant degradation,biomedicine,photoelectrocatalysis,and sensors.By effectively controlling the size,surface defects,and optical properties of CQDs,it is pos-sible to fine-tune their band structure,thereby enhancing their performance and expanding their range of applications.Conclusions and Prospects The synthesis methods of CQDs should be more refined,environmentally friendly,efficient,and multifunc

关 键 词：碳量子点 复合材料 制备 光电催化 生物医学 

分 类 号：TB44[一般工业技术]