基于响应面法的杉木精油提取工艺优化  

Optimization of extraction process of essential oil from Chinese fir based on response surface methodology

作　　者：陈水兰 苏铁 袁涛 戴渊 刘忠跃 刘爱琴[1,2] CHEN Shuilan;SU Tie;YUAN Tao;DAI Yuan;LIU Zhongyue;LIU Aiqin(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]国家林业和草原局杉木工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《森林与环境学报》2025年第3期298-306,共9页Journal of Forest and Environment

基　　金：杉木种业工程项目“福建省杉木高世代良种创新与产业化开发(2021—2025)”(ZYCX-LY-202101);“十四五”国家重点研发项目“杉木大径级无节良材培育技术”(2021YFD2201302);福建省林业推广项目“基于高世代良种杉木的配方施肥关键技术的推广”(2022TG19)。

摘　　要：为提高杉木精油提取率,加大对杉木精油的开发利用,以福建南平种源41年生杉木林为研究对象,采用水蒸气蒸馏法,通过单因素试验设计,分别从蒸馏时间、液料比、浸泡时间、沸石量、过筛孔径5个因素探究提取条件对杉木精油提取率的影响规律,在此基础上,通过正交试验和Box-Behnken响应面法进行提取工艺优化,确定杉木精油的最佳提取工艺。结果表明:单因素试验分析得出的杉木精油的最佳提取条件为:蒸馏时间5 h,液料比6 mL·g^(-1),浸泡时间6 h,沸石量2.0 g,过筛孔径3 mm。正交试验设计得出在蒸馏时间为5 h、液料比为5 mL·g^(-1)、过筛孔径为3 mm的条件下杉木精油提取率可达1.255%。响应面法得出的优化调整后的杉木精油最佳的提取工艺为:蒸馏时间5.1 h、液料比5.8 mL·g^(-1)、过筛孔径3 mm,在此条件下预测的杉木精油提取率达1.275%,与实测值(1.291%)拟合度高。综合研究结果得出影响杉木精油提取率大小的因素排序为过筛孔径>蒸馏时间>液料比。This study aims to improve the extraction rate of essential oil from Chinese fir and promote the development and utilization of the essential oil.Chinese fir plants of 41 years old from a forest in Nanping,Fujian were used for the extraction of essential oil by the steam distillation method.A single-factor test design was adopted to study the effects of five factors including distillation time,liquid-solid ratio,soaking time,zeolite amount,and sieve mesh size on the extraction rate of essential oil from Chinese fir.An orthogonal design and Box-Behnken response surface methodology were used to optimize the extraction process,and the optimal extraction conditions were determined.The results showed that the single-factor test results indicated that the optimal extraction conditions for the essential oil of Chinese fir were as follows:distillation time of 5 h,liquid-solid ratio of 6 mL·g^(-1),soaking time of 6 h,zeolite amount of 2.0 g,and sieve mesh size of 3 mm.The orthogonal test results showed that the extraction rate of essential oil reached 1.255%under the distillation time of 5 h,liquid-solid ratio of 5 mL·g^(-1),and sieve mesh size of 3 mm.The extraction conditions optimized by the response surface methodology were distillation time of 5.1 h,liquid-solid ratio of 5.8 mL·g^(-1),and sieve mesh size of 3 mm,under which the predicted extraction rate was 1.275%,which was close to the measured value of 1.291%.The comprehensive analysis of the results suggested that the factors affecting the extraction rate of essential oil from Chinese fir were in a descending order of sieve mesh size>distillation time>liquid-solid ratio.

关 键 词：杉木 精油 提取工艺优化 响应面法 正交试验 

分 类 号：S789.2[农业科学—林学]