“人民阵线”论说与抗日民族统一战线表述的形成  

Discourse on“the Popular Front”and the Formation of“Anti-Japanese National United Front”Expression

作　　者：夏静 Xia Jing

机构地区：[1]中央党校(国家行政学院)中共党史教研部

出　　处：《中共党史研究》2025年第1期73-85,共13页CPC History Studies

摘　　要：20世纪30年代,为抵制法西斯势力,法国、西班牙等国兴起人民阵线运动。共产国际七大召开后,中共呼吁建立“反日民族统一战线”“抗日的人民阵线”,并援引法国、西班牙人民阵线的胜利作为参照。各地救国会亦纷纷成立,以抗日救国为号召。西安事变前后,国民党将中共或全国各界救国联合会以及因抗日问题反对国民党中央的地方势力,视作“中国人民阵线”并加以打击,认为“人民阵线”不适合中国。考虑到国民党的态度,中共在表达抗日主张时弃用“人民阵线”,固定采用“抗日民族统一战线”表述,并清晰阐述其与法国、西班牙人民阵线的区别。In the 1930s,the Popular Front emerged in France,Spain,and other nations to resist the fascist forces.Following the Seventh Congress of the Comintern in 1935,the CPC advocated for the establishment of a“National United Front Against Japan”and a“People’s Front Against Japan,”citing as reference the successes of the French and Spanish Popular Front.Across China,National Salvation Associations were organized under the banner of resisting Japan and saving the country.However,around the time of the Xi’an Incident in 1936,the KMT denounced the CPC,the National Salvation Federation of All Circles and the regional forces that opposed the Central government,viewing them as part of“the Popular Front in China”,and claimed the Popular Front was incompatible with China’s national conditions.In response to the KMT’s hostility,the CPC strategically abandoned the term“the Popular Front”and instead adopted the phrase“Anti-Japanese National United Front”in its official rhetoric.This shift was accompanied by an explicit theoretical distinction between Anti-Japanese National United Front in China and the Popular Front in France and Spain.

关 键 词：共产党 国民党 人民阵线 共产国际 抗日民族统一战线 

分 类 号：K26[历史地理—历史学]