滇西大豆玉米带状复合种植技术  

Strip intercropping technology for soybean and corn in Western Yunnan

作　　者：施泽礼 SHI Zei(Mengku Town Industrial Development and Overseas Chinese Affairs Center,Shuangjiang Autonomous County,Lincang City,Yunnan Province,Lincang 677304,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省临沧市双江自治县勐库镇产业发展和华侨事务中心,云南临沧677304

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第8期10-13,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

摘　　要：为推广滇西地区大豆玉米带状复合种植技术,本文结合研究区的实际种植情况,从播前准备、播种技术要点、田间水肥管理、控旺防倒、田间除草、病虫害防治和收获储藏等方面介绍了大豆玉米带状复合种植技术要点。播种前选择交通便利、地势平缓、利于灌溉的肥沃土壤,选择较好天气进行翻耕松土,深耕以20~40cm为宜;优选成熟期相近、生长发育较为同步的品种进行种植。在土壤潮湿度和温度适宜的时令,采取点播、条播等方式进行播种;依据大豆和玉米品种特性采用合理的种植模式,包括2行玉米与2行大豆、2行玉米与3行大豆和2行玉米与4行大豆。田间水肥管理方面,施足底肥,追肥以氮肥为主、磷肥为辅;采取化控方式对玉米和大豆进行控旺防倒;通过化学除草、人工拔草等方式进行田间除草管理。针对大豆和玉米常见根腐病、玉米螟、棉铃虫和红火蚁等病虫害,采取物理防治、生物农药防治和生态调控等措施进行综合防治。采取人工或机械收割,适时收获,并及时晾晒、脱粒,当种子含水量低于13%时,包装储藏。本文为相关地区大豆玉米带状复合种植技术的进一步推广提供参考。To popularize the soybean and corn strip intercropping technology in Western Yunnan,the key points of soybean and corn strip intercropping technology were introduced from the aspects of preparation before sowing,key points of sowing technology,field water and fertilizer management,crop control and topple prevention,field weeding,disease and pest control,harvest and storage.Before sowing should choose the convenient transportation,gentle terrain,conducive to irrigation of fertile soil,select a good weather for ploughing and loosening,deep ploughing 20-40 cm is appropriate;varieties with similar maturity and more synchronized growth and development are selected for planting.Sowing should be carried out in the season when the soil moisture and temperature are suitable,such as on-demand sowing and drill sowing.According to the characteristics of soybean and corn varieties,reasonable planting patterns are adopted,including 2-row corn and 2-row soybean,2-row corn and 3-row soybean,and 2-row corn and 4-row soybean.In field water and fertilizer management,nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer is the auxiliary fertilizer.Chemical control method is adopted to control the growth of corn and soybean.Field weeding management is carried out by chemical weeding and artificial weeding.In view of common root rot,corn borer,cotton bollworm,red fire ant and other diseases and pests of soybean and corn,comprehensive control measures such as physical control,biological pesticide control and ecological regulation are adopted.Adopt artificial or mechanical harvesting,timely harvest soybeans and corn,and timely drying,threshing,when the seed water content is less than 13%,packaging storage.This paper provides a reference for the further popularization of soybean and corn strip intercropping technology in the study area and related areas.

关 键 词：大豆 玉米 带状复合种植技术 田间管理 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]