紫花苜蓿优良牧草单株筛选  

Screening of superior individual plants in alfalfa as forage

作　　者：周玉雷 蔡文静 林中阳 张静妮 马千鹏 张晓华 申玉华 ZHOU Yuei;CAI Wenjing;LIN Zhongyang;ZHANG Jingni;MA Qianpeng;ZHANG Xiaohua;SHEN Yuhua(College of Agriculture,Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000,China;Chifeng Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,Chifeng 024000,China;Clover(Beijing)Eco-Tech Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101318,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Balin Left Banner,Chifeng 024000,China;College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000,China)

机构地区：[1]赤峰学院农学院,内蒙古赤峰024000 [2]赤峰市农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古赤峰024000 [3]克劳沃(北京)生态科技有限公司,北京101318 [4]赤峰市巴林左旗林业和草原局,内蒙古赤峰024000 [5]赤峰学院化学与生命科学学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第8期71-74,共4页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省科技厅中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目“黄河流域抗逆优质生态草新品种(系)创制及示范”(YDZX2022146);赤峰学院博士下基层项目。

摘　　要：为筛选紫花苜蓿的优良牧草单株,试验以德宝、德福等12个紫花苜蓿品种经过5年栽培、2次形态选择的71株变异群体为试验材料,通过测定其株高、分蘖数等指标,进行聚类分析和单株选择。结果表明,71株变异群体分为两大类,分别有17和54个单株;在欧氏距离为4时,将第二大类群分为三类,第一类编号48、42、83、31、45、39、44、52、9、14、7、11、4、6、92、38、86、23、58、15、32、22、41和8共24株单株;第二类1株编号40;第三类编号90、94、19、30、2、93和33共7株单株。不同群体之间的指标比较发现,第三类群体聚集了分蘖数较多、株高较高以及茎叶比较低的植株,节间长较长的植株聚集在第一类群体;第二类群体聚集了干鲜比较高的植株。综合各项指标分析,共选出8株优良单株,编号为2、19、30、33、40、90、93和94,为下一步优质高产新品系的选育提供材料。To screening superior individual plants in alfalfa as forage,a variant population of 71 plants derived from 12 cultivars(including Derby and Defu)after 5 years of cultivation and two rounds of morphological selection was used as experimental material.Plant height,tiller number,and other traits were measured for cluster analysis and individual plant selection.The results showed that the 71 mutant populations were divided into two major categories,with 17 and 54 individual strains respectivelyat,a euclidean distance of 4,the second major cluster was divided into three subclusters:SubclusterⅠcomprised 24 individuals(No.48,42,83,31,45,39,44,52,9,14,7,11,4,6,92,38,86,23,58,15,32,22,41 and 8);SubclusterⅡcontained only No.40;and SubclusterⅢincluded 7 individuals(No.90,94,19,30,2,93 and 33).Comparative analysis revealed that SubclusterⅢaggregated plants with higher tiller numbers,greater plant height,and lower stem-to-leaf ratio,while SubclusterⅠgrouped plants with longer internodes.SubclusterⅡcomprised plants with a higher dry-to-fresh weight ratio.Based on comprehensive evaluation,eight superior individuals(No.2,19,30,33,40,90,93 and 94)exhibiting high yield and quality traits were selected,providing foundational material for breeding high quality,high yielding alfalfa lines.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 聚类分析 性状比较 单株选择 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]