全面准确理解习近平生态文明思想深化集体林权制度改革  

Comprehensively and Accurately Understanding Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization:Deepening the Reform of the Collective Forest Tenure System

作　　者：刘伟平[1] 洪燕真[1] LIU Weiping;HONG Yanzhen(College of Economics and Management,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学经济与管理学院,福州350002

出　　处：《林业经济问题》2025年第2期113-121,共9页Issues of Forestry Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(16ZDA024)。

摘　　要：围绕习近平同志提出的“林业改革四问”(“山要怎么分”“树要怎么砍”“钱从哪里来”“单家独户怎么办”),探讨集体林权制度改革的核心问题及深化路径。通过历史回顾、理论分析相结合的方法,梳理了集体林权制度改革的曲折历程,分析了影响改革的关键认识和理论争议,提出了集体林权制度改革研究的理论框架。研究表明,“林业改革四问”全面涵盖了集体林权制度改革的关键问题:明确产权边界,提升资源利用效率与农民收入;推动市场化机制与国家监管结合,实现可持续森林管理;强调健全资金与技术支持体系的重要性;提出通过组织小农户克服分散经营的局限性。基于此,提出了优化产权利用结构,推动小农户与市场有效衔接;完善社会经济支持体系,解决资金、技术等问题;通过市场机制与国家宏观调控相结合,提升林业治理能力,实施森林质量提升工程,实现生态美与百姓富的有机统一。⑴Background——The reform of China’s collective forest tenure system is a major initiative,involving the vital interests of more than 100 million rural households and nearly 500 million rural residents,and affecting the utilization efficiency of about 2.6 billion mu of forest land.Since the beginning of rural reform in the late 20th century,the reform faced many challenges,and Xi Jinping’s“four questions on forestry reform”provided a theoretical framework for dealing with these challenges.In the context of promoting the construction of ecological civilization and implementing the Plan for Deepening the Reform of the Collective Forest Tenure System,it is of great significance to explore a sustainable reform strategy that coordinates ecological protection and rural development.⑵Methods——Taking the“four questions on forestry reform”as the guiding framework,this paper systematically analyzed the course,theoretical framework and implementation paths of the reform of the collective forest tenure system.Using a combination of historical review,theoretical analysis and case studies,it discussed the impact of the reform of the collective forest tenure system on forest governance,rural livelihoods and ecological outcomes.Key cases mainly included the reform experience in Fujian Province as a national model,and the subsequent implementation in the whole country.Based on the institutional economics and ecological governance theories,it also evaluated the effectiveness of the reform of the collective forest tenure system and put forward some practical implementation strategies.⑶Results——The“four questions on forestry reform”comprehensively solved the core problem of the reform of the collective forest tenure system.First,the reform of the collective forest tenure system clarified property rights,aroused the enthusiasm of the farmers in forestry management,and enhanced resource utilization efficiency and rural incomes.Second,it promoted the classified management of forests.While adhering to stat

关 键 词：集体林权制度改革 习近平生态文明思想 “林业改革四问” 

分 类 号：F326.2[经济管理—产业经济]