Modification and experimental validation of the Forrestal-Warren perforation model for high hardness armor steel plates of intermediate thickness  

作　　者：Radovan Djurovic Predrag Elek Milos Markovic Dejan Jevtic 

机构地区：[1]Faculty of Mechanical Engineering,University of Belgrade,Belgrade,11120,Serbia

出　　处：《Defence Technology(防务技术)》2025年第4期267-284,共18页Defence Technology

基　　金：supported by the Ministry of Science,Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia,through the Contract no.451-03-65/2024e03/200105.

摘　　要：This paper proposes a modification of the Forrestal-Warren perforation model aimed at extending its applicability range to intermediately-thick high-hardness armor steel plates.When impacted by armorpiercing projectiles,these plates tend to fail through adiabatic shear plugging which significantly reduces their ballistic resistance.To address this effect,an approach for determining effective thickness was defined and incorporated into the predictive model.Ballistic impact tests were performed to assess the modification's validity,in which ARMOX 500T steel plates were subjected to perpendicular impacts from 7.62×39 mm steel-cored rounds under various velocities.Frequent target failure by soft plugging was observed,as well as the brittle shatter of the hard steel core.Key properties of the recovered plugs including their mass,length and diameter were measured and reported along with the projectiles'residual velocities.Additionally,independent data from the open literature were included in the analysis for further validation.The original Forrestal-Warren model and the novel effective thickness modification were then used to establish the relationship between impact and residual velocities,as well as to determine the ballistic limit velocity.The comparison revealed that the proposed approach significantly improves the model's accuracy,showing a strong correlation with experimental data and reducing deviations to within a few percent.This enhancement highlights the potential of the effective thickness term,which could also be applied to other predictive models to extend their applicability range.Further exploration into other armor steels and impact conditions is recommended to assess the method's versatility.

关 键 词：Terminal ballistics Penetration mechanics Predictive model High hardness armor Experimental investigation 

分 类 号：TJ012.4[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]