T细胞耗竭在肝细胞癌患者免疫治疗中的研究进展  

Research progress on T cell exhaustion in immunotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

作　　者：伍杨 李甜[2] 张润兵 张亚妮 朱玲玲 史婷婷 王顺娜 杨妹霞 于晓辉 张久聪 WU Yang;LI Tian;ZHANG Runbing;ZHANG Yani;ZHU Lingling;SHI Tingting;WANG Shunna;YANG Meixia;YU Xiaohui;ZHANG Jiucong(Department of Gastroenterology,the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA,Lanzhou 730050;The First Clinical Medical College of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院消化内科,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《细胞与分子免疫学杂志》2025年第3期271-277,共7页Chinese Journal of Cellular and Molecular Immunology

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目(21R7RA017);甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY2023-34);兰州市科技计划项目(2023-2-29);甘肃中医药大学导师专项(2023YXKY020)。

摘　　要：肝细胞癌(HCC)是全球发病率增长速度最快的癌症之一,在全球癌症致死原因中位列第四。当前HCC治疗领域发展迅猛,免疫治疗已被公认为是一种极具前景的治疗手段,其中T细胞在HCC免疫治疗中发挥着关键作用。然而,在病毒感染情形下或身处肿瘤微环境(TME)时,T细胞会因持续受到抗原刺激,进而陷入T细胞耗竭(Tex)状态。这一状态不但会使患者身体免疫力降低,还会导致免疫治疗疗效不佳等。因此,深入剖析Tex在HCC中的作用机制,并探寻逆转Tex的有效策略,是HCC免疫治疗领域的核心关键所在。故本文旨在总结HCC患者发生Tex的作用机制及现阶段逆转Tex药物研发的现状与不足,以期为HCC患者免疫治疗方案的优化提供理论依据。Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is one of the fastest growing cancers in the world,ranking fourth among the causes of cancer-induced death in the world.At present,the field of HCC treatment is developing rapidly,and immunotherapy has been recognized as a promising treatment method,in which T cells play a key role in HCC immunotherapy.However,in the case of virus infection or in tumor microenvironment(TME),T cells will be continuously stimulated by antigens and then fall into the state of T cell exhaustion(Tex).This state will not only reduce the immunity of patients but also lead to poor efficacy of immunotherapy.Therefore,to deeply analyze the mechanism of Tex and to explore effective strategies to reverse Tex is the key point in the immunotherapy for HCC.This review aims to summarize the mechanism of Tex in HCC patients,and the current situation and shortcomings of drug research and development to reverse Tex at this stage,in order to provide theoretical basis for the optimization of immunotherapy regimen for HCC patients.

关 键 词：T细胞耗竭(Tex) 肝细胞癌(HCC) 免疫治疗 肿瘤微环境(TME) 综述 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学] R735[医药卫生—基础医学] G353.11[文化科学—情报学]