高软化点沥青的制备及其在锂电池中的应用  

Preparation of High Softening Point Pitch and Its Application in Lithium Ion Battery

作　　者：李志硕 马成 王际童[1] 张永正 凌立成[1] LI Zhishuo;MA Cheng;WANG Jitong;ZHANG Yongzheng;LING Licheng(State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering;Key Laboratory of Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of the Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学工程联合国家重点实验室,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学材料科学与工程学院,特种功能高分子材料及相关技术教育部重点实验室,上海200237

出　　处：《华东理工大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期187-196,共10页Journal of East China University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学联合基金(U21A2060)。

摘　　要：以乙烯渣油为原料,利用空气氧化法制备出高软化点沥青,并探索了其用作锂电池石墨负极的包覆材料的实用性。结合元素分析、飞行时间质谱、气质联用仪、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和热重分析等分析表征手段,探讨了乙烯渣油原料的反应过程及其产物的结构特征,并初步探索了所制沥青用作锂电池包覆材料时对石墨负极的电化学性能的影响。结果表明,当反应温度为300℃时,氧化交联反应开始发生;当反应温度为330℃时,延长反应时间可以提高沥青的软化点、碳含量、残炭率以及芳香度,所制沥青具有多种复杂的稠环芳烃化合物结构;当反应时间为9.5 h时,所制备沥青的碳含量为93.160%(质量分数),软化点为216.9℃,残炭率为51.4%(质量分数),以其作为锂电池负极的包覆材料效果最佳,所得包覆石墨负极在100 mA/g电流密度下循环100次后,与未包覆的材料相比,其放电比容量提升26.3%,且循环稳定性大幅提升。High softening point pitch is prepared using ethylene tar by air oxidation method,meanwhile,its application as coating pitch for graphite anode of lithium ion battery is also investigated.Combining with elemental analysis,TOF MS,GC-MS,FT-IR,TG,1H-NMR,the structure and characteristics of original ethylene tar and final pitch products were analyzed in detail.Also,the effusion gas and liquid during reaction process were studied.The results indicated that the softening point,carbon content and carbonization carbon yield increased with the oxidation reaction time.Such pitches contain various complex polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.The best pitch for coating one was obtained at the oxidation condition of 330℃,9.5 h.The pitch with softening point of 216.9℃,has carbon content of 93.160%(mass fraction),its carbon yield of 51.4%when carbonized at 800℃.Comparing with the original graphite anode,after coating the pitch,the capacity increased by 26.3%at a current density of 100 mA/g and the cycling stability was greatly improved.

关 键 词：乙烯渣油 空气氧化法 高软化点沥青 包覆沥青 锂电池 

分 类 号：TQ524[化学工程—煤化学工程]