基于罗氏线圈和CEEMDAN的雷电流波形测量方法  

Lightning current waveform measurement based on Rogowski coil and CEEMDAN

作　　者：徐伟[1] 李想[1] 王学孟 刘岩 Xu Wei;Li Xiang;Wang Xuemeng;Liu Yan(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Meteorological Observation and Information Processing,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Guangzhou Meteorological Public Service Center,Guangzhou 511400,China;Key Laboratory of Transportation Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration,Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences,Nanjing 210041,China;State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学江苏省气象探测与信息处理重点实验室,南京210044 [2]广州市气象公共服务中心,广州511400 [3]中国气象局交通气象重点开放实验室,南京气象科技创新研究院,南京210041 [4]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2025年第2期102-112,共11页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

摘　　要：浪涌保护器中嵌入雷电流波形测量模块为其老化分析提供了数据支撑。针对目前浪涌保护器中雷电流测量存在不能记录完整电流波形、噪声较大的问题,通过分析雷电流波形的时频特性,设计由罗氏线圈传感器、低噪声宽带放大、单端转差分、高速模数转换器和现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等组成的雷电流波形测量系统。FPGA完成采集信号的处理、数据的缓存发送以及雷击计数等功能。通过差分电路和自适应噪声完备集合经验模态分解相结合的方法减小噪声对雷电流波形的影响,采用阈值与斜率联合触发方式,提高雷电流冲击次数计数的准确度。利用雷电防护实验室的雷电流组合波发生器对系统和去噪方法进行了实验测试,结果表明,系统能完整精确地记录雷电流波形,峰值1~10 kA范围内雷电流采集无漏触发现象,峰值的最大测量误差为1.27%,半峰值到达时间的测量误差≤0.2μs,前峰平均坡度测量误差≤2.04%。系统将推动浪涌保护器的智能化发展,并为雷电研究提供数据支撑。The lightning current waveform measurement module embedded in the surge protector provides data support for its aging analysis.To address the current issues in lightning current measurement within surge protectors,such as the inability to record complete waveforms and high noise levels,this study analyzes the characteristics of lightning current waveforms and designs a measurement circuit comprising a Rogowski coil,low-noise wideband amplification,single-ended to differential conversion,high-speed analog-to-digital converter,and FPGA.The processing of collected signals,caching and sending of data,and counting of lightning strikes are completed by FPGA.This design aims to reduce measurement errors in lightning current waveforms.A threshold and slope combining triggering method is employed to enhance the accuracy of counting lightning current impulses.Additionally,a method combining differential circuit and complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise is proposed to reduce the influence of noise on lightning current waveform.Experimental tests were conducted using a lightning current composite wave generator from a lightning protection laboratory to evaluate the system and denoising methods.The results demonstrate that the system can accurately and comprehensively record lightning current waveforms.The lightning current measurement with the peak range of 1~10 kA has no leakage trigger phenomenon,a measurement error of≤0.2μs for half-peak arrival time,and a measurement error of≤2.04%for the average slope of the front peak.The system will promote the intelligent development of surge protectors and provide data support for lightning research.

关 键 词：浪涌保护器 雷电流 罗氏线圈 FPGA CEEMDAN 

分 类 号：TN98[电子电信—信息与通信工程]