补阴名方六味地黄丸的源流考察  

Study on the Origin of Liuwei Dihuang Pill of Buyin Famous Prescription

作　　者：戚瑜清 于彦威 郭智超 宋鑫 王妍允 QI Yuqing;YU Yanwei;GUO Zhichao(Shaox-ing Vocational&Technical College Medical School,Shaoxing(312000),China)

机构地区：[1]绍兴职业技术学院医学院浙江,绍兴312000 [2]浙江中医药大学附属宁波中医院

出　　处：《浙江中医药大学学报》2025年第3期345-350,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

基　　金：2024年度浙江省哲社科规划“省市合作”项目(24SSHZ153YB)。

摘　　要：[目的]研究六味地黄丸的形成、变化与传播过程。[方法]搜集有关六味地黄丸的医学文献及其他史料记载,从知识史的角度展开分析,探讨六味地黄丸的形成过程、功效变化,以及此方变化应用背后的影响因素与传播路径。[结果]六味地黄丸是宋代医家钱乙根据肾气丸化裁而来,功效为补益肾水,用于治疗小儿肾虚证;宋元医家又根据熟地黄滋阴养血的功效,将此方用于阴血不足之证。至明代,随着温补学派医家对命门学说的阐发,此方遂成为滋补肾阴的代表方剂。与此同时,此方不仅在精英医家群体中传播,还通过涉医遗民高斗魁、吕留良和方以智以及通俗性医学书籍、方书、养生类书籍在民间流行与普及。至清代,此方传播已呈现“世俗化”特点,药目文献、文人笔记、小说等材料均可反映六味地黄丸在民间的使用情况。[结论]六味地黄丸自宋代形成,经明清时期拓展运用、广泛传播,终成为经典名方。探讨此方的源流发展,对于研究明清时期温补思想的兴起、形成有重要意义。[ObjectiveObjective]To study the formation,change and propagation of Liuwei Dihuang Pill.[MethodsMethods]The medical literature and other historical records about Liuwei Dihuang Pill were collected and analyzed,and the formation process,effect change,influencing factors behind the change and application of this prescription and the transmission path were discussed.[ResultsResults]Liuwei Dihuang Pill was developed by QIAN Yi,a doctor in Song Dynasty,based on the decoction of Shengqi Pill.It was used to treat kidney deficiency syndrome in children.Because the cooked Rehmannia can nourish Yin and blood,Song and Yuan Dynasties doctors also used the prescription for Yin blood deficiency.In the Ming Dynasty,with the elucidations of the Mingmen theory by the doctors of the warm-tonifying faction,this prescription became the representative formula for tonifying kidney Yin.At the same time,the spreading and population of this prescription was not only in the elite medical group,but also through the medical heritage of GAO Doukui,LYU Liuliang and FANG Yizhi,in the form of medical books,prescription books and health books in the folk.By the Qing Dynasty,the spreading of this formula had shown the characteristics of“secularization”,and the literature,literati’s notes,novels and other materials can reflect the use of Liuwei Dihuang Pill in the folk.[ConclusionConclusion]This paper discusses the origin and development of Liuwei Dihuang Pill,which is of great significance for the study of the rise and formation of the warm-tonifying thought in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

关 键 词：六味地黄丸 温补思想 补肾 传播 知识史 养生 方剂 浙派中医 

分 类 号：R282[医药卫生—中药学]