船舶钢结构舱室燃油火灾温升及安全防护研究  

Research on Oil Fire Temperature Rise and Safety Protection of Ship Steel Structure Cabin

作　　者：王馨[1] 武红梅[1] 姚圣姿 陈慧玺 张宇伦 王耀斌 WANG Xin;WU Hong-mei;YAO Sheng-zi;CHEN Hui-xi;ZHANG Yu-lun;WANG Yao-bin(China Ship Development and Design Center,Wuhan 430064,China;Faculty of Engineering,China University of Geoscience(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China;Changqing Oilfield(Yulin)Oil&Gas Co.,Ltd.,Yulin Shanxi 719000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国舰船研究设计中心,武汉430064 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院,武汉430074 [3]长庆油田(榆林)油气有限公司,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《船海工程》2025年第2期12-18,共7页Ship & Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52406162);国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档(GZC20241593);中国博士后科学基金(2024M753029);湖北省博士后项目(2024HBBHCXA090)。

摘　　要：通过搭建全尺度高大舱室和普通舱室火灾实验平台,设置热电偶串采集温度数据,并开展了多工况试验,在利用集总热容法建立热平衡方程后根据试验结果验证了顶棚钢结构温升模型,其计算值与实验值最大误差不超过20%;采用FDS软件建立仿真模型,对比试验与仿真结果,发现FDS模拟能较好重现火灾过程,相对误差在20%以内;此外研究硅酸钙板隔热特性,发现硅酸钙板受火时能保持完整,且在高大舱室中8 mm硅酸钙板防护效果好,普通舱室中30 mm硅酸钙板防护效果佳。该研究可为船舶防火设计中板材厚度选择提供参考,并有助于提升船舶防火能力。By building a full-scale experimental platform for fire in tall compartments and common compartments,setting up thermocouple strings to collect temperature data,and carrying out multi-condition tests,the temperature rise model of roof steel structure was verified according to the experimental results after establishing the heat balance equations by using the method of total heat capacity,and the maximum error between the calculated value and the experimental value was not more than 20%.A simulation was carried out by using the FDS software,and comparison of the experimental data with the simulation results revealed that the FDS simulation can reproduce the fire process better and can provide a more effective fire prevention design for the fire protection.It is found that the FDS simulation can better reproduce the fire process,and the relative error is less than 20%;In addition,the research on the thermal insulation characteristics of calcium silicate boards finds that the calcium silicate boards can remain intact when subjected to fire,and the protection effect of 8 mm calcium silicate boards is good in the tall compartments,and 30 mm calcium silicate boards are good in the common compartments.This study can provide a reference for the selection of plate thickness in the fireproof design of ships and help to improve the fireproof capability of ships.

关 键 词：舱室火灾 全尺度实验 FDS数值模拟 顶棚钢结构温度 热防护材料 

分 类 号：U698.4[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]