高级海员舱室空调环境及气流组织优化数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Air-conditioning Environment and Air Distribution Optimization of a Senior Crew Cabin

作　　者：余阳 黄峙 汪震 王飞飞 徐新华 YU Yang;HUANG Zhi;WANG Zhen;WANG Fei-fei;XU Xin-hua(China Ship Development and Design Center,Wuhan 430064,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国舰船研究设计中心,武汉430064 [2]华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《船海工程》2025年第2期60-65,共6页Ship & Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52378099)。

摘　　要：针对优化船舶舱室空调环境及气流组织以提升船员居住环境舒适性及工作效率的需求,基于CFD数值模拟方法建立高级海员居住舱室空调环境模拟模型,探讨送风风量和送风形式对舱内气流组织和空调环境热舒适性的影响,并验证布风器送风在冬季工况的可行性。结果表明,在采用100%风量送风的工况下,空调系统提供的冷量明显高于负荷需求,导致舱内风速偏高、温度偏低,而当舱内送风量减半时,能将室内温度和风速都控制在合理的范围内,在节约能源的同时保证了热舒适性。相比于空调器直接送风,布风器送风能消除风口下游区域高风速引起的吹风感和不舒适感,气流组织更均匀,在夏季或冬季工况中均能使室内维持很好的空调环境舒适性。进行船舶舱室空调系统设计时,首先应考虑与舱内需求冷量的匹配性,其次采用布风器送风也能提升舱室舒适性。In response to the demand for optimizing the air conditioning environment and air distribution in ship cabins to enhance the comfort of living environment and work efficiency of the crew,a simulation model for the air-conditioning environment of a senior crew cabin was established based on CFD numerical simulation method,which explored the effects of the supply air rate and the air supply form on the air distribution and air conditioning environment thermal comfort in the cabin,and then verified the feasibility of air supply through air diffuser under winter conditions.The results showed that under the condition of 100%air supply,the cooling capacity provided by the air conditioning system is significantly higher than the cooling demand,which resulted in the high wind speed and low temperature in the cabin.When the supply air rate in the cabin was halved,the indoor temperature and wind speed could be controlled within a reasonable range,which could save energy and ensure thermal comfort at the same time.In addition,compared with the direct air supply of air conditioners,the air supply by using air diffusers could eliminate the feeling of blowing and discomfort caused by high wind speed in the downstream of the air outlet caused by the direct air supply of the air-conditioner,and the air distribution was more uniform,which could maintain the comfortable air-conditioning cabin environment in both summer and winter conditions.Therefore,the matching with the required cooling capacity in the cabin should be considered in the design of the ship cabin air conditioning system,and the air supply by using air diffusers can also enhance the comfort in the cabin.

关 键 词：数值模拟 送风量 气流组织 布风器 

分 类 号：U664.8[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]