基于空气制冷的船舶冷库实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Air Refrigeration System for Shipboard Cold Storage

作　　者：王少鹏 张益诚[2] 陈良 刘昌海[3] 陈双涛 侯予[1] WANG Shao-peng;ZHANG Yi-cheng;CHEN Liang;LIU Chang-hai;CHEN Shuang-tao;HOU Yu(Dept.of Refrigerator and Cryogenic Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;China Ship Development and Design Center,Wuhan 430064,China;School of Civil Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学制冷与低温工程系,西安710049 [2]中国舰船研究设计中心,武汉430064 [3]郑州大学土木工程学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《船海工程》2025年第2期175-180,共6页Ship & Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金联合创新基金(U21B2084)。

摘　　要：针对大型船舶冷库对宽温区、快速降温和安全环保制冷技术的需求,提出基于逆布雷顿循环高速透平空气制冷系统方案,采用顶部孔板送风结构改善冷库内温度均匀性,通过快速降温和维持工况分别采用直接送风和混风送风的方式,搭建船舶冷库实验系统,并完成冷库降温工况、维持工况的实验测试与性能分析。基于空气制冷的船舶冷库系统在降温工况运行时,透平的进气压力为0.9 MPa,制冷量为6.7 kW,运行后大约82 min,冷库内大部分测点处的温度达到了目标温度-18℃;在维持工况时,透平的进气压力为0.81 MPa,制冷量为3.8 kW,运行120 min内冷库内温度波动较小,且基本不随时间变化。实验结果表明,基于空气制冷的船舶冷库系统具有绿色无污染、制冷响应快、温区范围宽的优点,能够实现冷库快速降温,改善冷库内温度均匀性和食品储藏能力。Air is a non-toxic and harmless ideal refrigerant,developing an air refrigerator using air as the refrigerant can not only improve the environmental friendliness of the cold storage,but also have a wider working temperature range and refrigeration capacity adjustment range.Taking marine cold storage as the research object,an air refrigeration system was proposed,and a marine cold storage experimental platform was introduced to conduct the experimental testing and research on the cooling and maintenance conditions of the marine cold storage system.It was shown that when the air refrigeration system operated with the inlet pressure of the turbo expander at 0.9 MPa,the cooling capacity is 6.7 kW;the temperature in the cold storage reached the designed temperature of-18℃after 82 minutes’operation;when the air refrigeration system operated with an inlet pressure of the turbo expander was 0.81 MPa,the cooling capacity was 3.8 kW.During the 120 minutes’operation under designed conditions,the temperature distribution was very uniform and the fluctuation in the cold storage was small.The experimental results showed advantages of the pollution-free,fast cooling response,and high temperature uniformity of the marine cold storage system.

关 键 词：空气制冷 透平膨胀机 船用冷库 

分 类 号：U664.86[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]