普速客车季节性风险研判及防控  

Research and Prevention of Seasonal Risk for Accommodation Train

作　　者：周勇 ZHOU Yong(Chengdu Vehicle Depot,China Railway Chengdu Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031 Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路成都局集团有限公司成都车辆段,成都610031

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2025年第S1期89-93,共5页Railway Locomotive & Car

摘　　要：由于普速客车(简称:客车)设计制造工艺、成本等限制,其环境适应性、可靠性水平较低,加之客车运行交路长、运行环境差异大、载客量随区段和季节的变化较大等因素,致使客车在运用中发生的故障有着明显的季节性特点。客车的季节性风险防控一直是客车运用安全管理的重点,但是由于缺乏系统的分析总结,对于不同的管理者有着不同的理解,在管理实践中的侧重点也有所不同。通过大数据分析的方法,以2年的客车运用现场真实数据作为样本,系统地分析了客车季节性故障的规律特点,以及不同季节的故障表现形式和后果。结合近年来客车运用安全风险管理的现场实践经验教训,提出了季节性安全风险的预防措施建议。有利于拓宽客车运用管理人员的管理思路,进而采取更加适合于本单位的季节性风险防控措施,提高安全风险管理水平,确保客车运用安全,提高客车客运服务质量。Owing to the restrictions of design and manufacturing techniques and costs of ordinary-speed passenger trains(hereinafter re⁃ferred to as"passenger trains"),their environmental adaptability and reliability levels were relatively low.In addition,factors such as the long operation routes of passenger trains,large differences in operating environments,and significant variations in passenger capacity along sections and with seasons resulted in obvious seasonal characteristics of faults occurring during the operation of passenger trains.The seasonal risk prevention and control of passenger trains has always been a focus of safety management in passenger train operations.However,due to the lack of systematic analysis and summary,there were different understandings among different managers,and the emphasis in management practices also differed.Through the method of big data analysis and taking the real data from the passenger train operation sites in the past two years as samples,systematically analyzed the regular characteristics of seasonal faults of passenger trains,as well as the manifestations and consequences of faults in different seasons.Combined with the experience and lessons of the safety risk management of passenger trains in recent years,and then put forward suggestions for preventive measures of seasonal safety risks.It is helpful to broaden the management ideas of the passenger train operation managers,and then adopt seasonal risk prevention and control measures that are more suitable for the unit,improving the safety risk management level,ensuring the safety of passenger train operations,and enhancing the quality of passenger train passenger services.

关 键 词：普速客车 客车运用 季节性 故障统计 风险研判 预防措施 

分 类 号：U271[机械工程—车辆工程]