云南省草原资源分布研究  

Distribution Status of Grassland Resources in Yunnan Province

作　　者：刘金凤 任晓东[1] 饶昕 丁福红[1] 陈斌 唐丽芳[1] 吴鹏[1] LIU Jinfeng;REN Xiaodong;RAO Xin;DING Fuhong;CHEN Bin;TANG Lifang;WU Peng(Kunming Branch of Yunnan Institute of Forest Inventory and Planning,Kunming 650299,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省林业调查规划院昆明分院,云南昆明650299

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2025年第2期75-82,共8页Forest Inventory and Planning

摘　　要：以云南省草原基况监测成果、2022年林草生态综合监测草原样地数据和国土三调数据为基础,对云南省现状草原类型、功能、利用方式、主要优势草种、生物量等因子进行分析评价。结果表明,全省现状草原共涉及9个草原类型,总面积130.92万hm^(2),其中山地草甸面积最大,占比38.42%;主要功能用途为综合功能用途的草原面积占比达76.06%;利用方式中面积最大的固土固沙草原面积占比为32.89%;主要原生天然优势草种为委陵菜属、野古草属、蒿属、黄茅属、薹草属、蕨类植物和白茅属;主要毒害草为紫茎泽兰、飞机草和狼毒类;年鲜草总产量为11.21×10^(9) kg;热性草丛单位面积鲜草产量最高,为10338.17 kg/hm^(2);暖性草丛的物种丰富度和载畜量最高,为13.16种、2.57个羊单位。Based on the results of grassland base condition monitoring in Yunnan Province,grassland sample data of comprehensive forest and grassland ecological monitoring in 2022,and the data of the third national land survey,the types,functions,utilization patterns,main dominant grass species,biomass and other factors of grassland in Yunnan Province were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that there were 9 grassland types involved in the province,covering a total area of 1309200 hm^(2),with mountain meadows being the largest,accounting for 38.42% of the total area;the grasslands with comprehensive functional uses constituted 76.06% of the total area;the largest utilization area was soil and sand fixation,accounting for 32.89%;the dominant native grass species were Potentilla,Arundinella,Artemisia,Heteropogon,Carex,Pteridophyta and Imperata;the main toxic and harmful grasses were Ageratina adenophora,Chromolaena odorata and Stellera;the total output of fresh grass was 11.21×10^(9) kg,with the highest fresh grass yield per unit area found in hot-season grass communities at 10338.17 kg/hm^(2);the Warm-season grass communities exhibited the highest species richness and livestock carrying capacity,with 13.16 species and 2.57 sheep units,respectively.

关 键 词：草原资源 草原类型 优势草种 毒害草 利用方式 载畜量 云南省 

分 类 号：S812.5[农业科学—草业科学]