基于GIS的科尔沁沙地土地利用格局变化分析  

Land Use Pattern Changes in Horqin Sandy Land Based on GIS

作　　者：郭景怡 邵建勋 岳永杰[3] 李婧 文明 钟淇涵 GUO Jingyi;SHAO Jianxun;YUE Yongjie;LI Jing;WEN Ming;ZHONG Qihan(Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Linxi County,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 025250,China;Urban Management and Comprchensive Administrative Law Enforcement Bureau of Linxi County,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia 025250,China;College of Forestry,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China;Forestry and Grassland Bureauof Baotou,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014000,China;Forest and Grassland Fire Prevention Center ofUlanqab,Ulanqab,Inner Mongolia 012000,China)

机构地区：[1]林西县林业和草原局,内蒙古赤峰025250 [2]林西县城市管理综合行政执法局,内蒙古赤峰025250 [3]内蒙古农业大学林学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [4]包头市林业和草原局,内蒙古包头014000 [5]乌兰察布市森林草原防火中心,内蒙古乌兰察布012000

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2025年第2期162-171,共10页Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项专题(2019ZD0070402);退化沙地乔—灌—草近自然配置治理技术(2019ZD00704).

摘　　要：以科尔沁沙地14个市县(旗)为研究区,依托数据源和ArcGIS,利用土地利用演变空间格局分析法探究区域土地利用变化程度、揭示土地利用演替规律、明确各利用类型土地间流动情况。结果表明,2020年,研究区范围内共有土地约116335 km^(2),从分布面积来看,草地>耕地>林地>沙地>未利用土地>建设用地>水域>滩地,分别占比38.46%、27.05%、16.15%、8.05%、6.23%、2.41%、1.01%、0.64%;各土地利用类型变化速率表现为“有减有增”,K值为正的有耕地、林地、滩地、建设用地、沙地,增速分别为2.79%、6.25%、1.02%、1.80%、0.59%,K值为负的有草地、水域、未利用土地,增速分别为-2.46%、-2.63%、-0.17%;30年间各地类均存在相互转化情况,草地的转出幅度最大,共减少了24947.7 km^(2)。耕地的转出面积次之,主要流向林地和草地,转出量为6212.7 km^(2)。林地转入比转出剧烈,变化量分别为10491.0、3269.7 km^(2)。沙地变化幅度较小,面积处于稳定持平状态。滩地面积、建设用地面积呈现扩张趋势,而水域面积呈现逐年下降趋势。With 14 cities and counties(banners)of Horqin sandy land as research areas,this paper explored the change degree of regional land use,revealed the law of land use succession,and found out the mobilization between all land types with method of spatial pattern analysis for land use succession by means of ArcGIS and data source.The results showed that in 2020,the study area covered approximately 116335 km^(2).The distribution areas of land use types were ranked as follows:grassland>cultivated land>forest land>sandy land>unused land>construction land>water area>bottom land,accounting for 38.46%,27.05%,16.15%,8.05%,6.23%,2.41%,1.01%,and 0.64%,respectively.The change rate of all land types showed a trend of“both decrease and increase”.Cultivated land,forest land,bottom land,construction land and sandy land had positive K values with increase rate of 2.79%,6.25%,1.02%,1.80% and 0.59% respectively,while grassland,water area and unused land had negative K values with increase rate of -2.46%,-2.63%and -0.17% respectively.Over the past 30 years,mutual transformations between land use types occurred.The transfer-out area of grassland was 24947.7 km^(2),which was the biggest.The transfer-out area of cultivated land was 6212.7 km^(2),which was the second biggest,and the cultivated land was mainly transferred to forest land and grassland.The transfer-in area of forest land was 10491.0 km^(2),which was much greater than the transfer-out area of 3269.7 km^(2).The sandy land showed minor changes,remaining relatively stable.The bottom land and construction land areas expanded,while water area declined year by year.

关 键 词：土地利用格局 ARCGIS 转移矩阵 科尔沁沙地 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]