流化催化裂化技术研究现状与工业应用  

Research Progress and Commercial Applications of Fluid Catalytic Cracking(FCC)Technology

作　　者：乔瑞琪 龚剑洪 魏晓丽 曹东学[2] QIAO Ruiqi;GONG Jianhong;WEI Xiaoli;CAO Dongxue(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China;SINOPEC Petroleum Refinery Department,Beijing 100728,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司,北京100083 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司炼油事业部,北京100728

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2025年第2期1-9,共9页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFA1501204);中国石油化工股份有限公司科技开发项目(124069)。

摘　　要：作为重油轻质化的核心,催化裂化装置一直是我国石油化工企业经济效益的主要支柱。介绍了国内催化裂化技术的发展历程,并依据目标产物的不同,从油品生产技术、多产低碳烯烃技术、产品结构调整技术等3个方面,综述了国内催化裂化技术的发展现状;总结了不同催化裂化技术的设计思路、主要特点及工业应用效果,重点对比了不同技术所使用的反应器型式与催化剂类型的异同;探讨了催化裂化技术在提升油品质量及满足市场需求,提高低碳烯烃、BTX(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)等基础化工原料产率及选择性等方面开展的研究工作,为企业高质量发展提供了可选的技术方案。原料重质化多样化、产品质量优质化、产品结构灵活化、生产过程清洁化等仍是今后催化裂化技术的研究重点。As the core of heavy oil upgrading,fluid catalytic cracking(FCC)units have long been the main pillar of economic benefits for petrochemical enterprises in China.This paper reviews the development history of domestic FCC technology and summarizes the current status of FCC technology from three perspectives based on target products:Oil production technology,light olefin maximization technology,and product structure adjustment technology.It emphasizes summarizing the design concepts,main characteristics and commercial application of different FCC technologies,with a particular focus on comparing the differences in reactor types and catalyst.Additionally,research efforts aimed at improving oil quality to meet market demands,enhancing the yields of low-carbon olefins,BTX(benzene,toluene,xylene),and other basic chemical raw materials,as well as optimizing their selectivities,are discussed,providing viable technical solutions for high-quality enterprise development.Future research priorities for FCC technology include feedstock heavy and diversified processing,product quality improvement,flexible product structure adjustment,and cleaner production processes.

关 键 词：催化裂化 催化裂解 汽油 柴油 低碳烯烃 

分 类 号：TE624[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]