污水毒情监测中质量控制方法研究进展  

Research progress on quality control methods for monitoring illicit drugs use in wastewater

作　　者：肖月 原帅 骆如欣 朱瑞琴 狄斌[2] 向平 XIAO Yue;YUAN Shuai;LUO Ruxin;ZHU Ruiqin;DI Bin;XIANG Ping(Academy of Forensic Science,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine,Shanghai Forensic Service Platform,Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Ministry of Justice,Shanghai 200063;School of Pharmacy,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing 210009,China)

机构地区：[1]司法鉴定科学研究院,上海市法医学重点实验室,上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台,司法部司法鉴定重点实验室,上海200063 [2]中国药科大学药学院,南京210009

出　　处：《中国药科大学学报》2025年第2期139-147,共9页Journal of China Pharmaceutical University

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3300903);上海市法医学重点实验室资助项目(21DZ2270800);上海市司法鉴定专业技术服务平台项目(19DZ2292700)。

摘　　要：采用污水分析法,即污水流行病学,对各个国家及地区毒品和药物滥用情况进行评估与监控现已在国内外得到了广泛的应用。但是目前缺乏有效的评价方法和比较、监督、规范的有效途径,不利于不同国家、地区毒情的分析及比较。质量控制技术能够控制实验室的分析误差,保障鉴定结论的一致性和可比性,推动城市毒品治理水平和治理能力的进一步提升,具有重要意义。本文就污水分析过程中的样品采集、样品保存和运输、实验室检测、毒品消耗量反算模型和实验室外部质量控制进行了综述,以期探索更加全面的适合在实验室之间进行污水中毒品的定性定量分析能力考察和评价的科学、客观的方法和途径。The use of wastewater analysis,or wastewater-based epidemiology,to assess and monitor the situation of drug abuse is now widely used at home and abroad.However,there is currently a lack of effective evaluation methods and effective ways of comparison,supervision and standardization,which is not conducive to the analysis and comparisons of data in different countries and regions.Quality control techniques can control the laboratory's analytical errors,safeguard the consistency and comparability of identification conclusions,and promote the further improvement of the level and capacity of urban drug governance,thus playing significant roles.This paper provides an overview of sample collection,sample preservation and transportation,laboratory analysis,back-calculation of drug use and external laboratory quality control in the process of wastewater analysis,with a view to exploring more comprehensive scientific and objective methods and approaches suitable for examining and evaluating qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs in wastewater among laboratories.

关 键 词：污水分析法 污水流行病学 毒品 药物滥用 质量控制 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学]