基于WBS-RBS和TOPSIS法的城市轨道交通建设风险评估  

Risk Assessment of Urban Rail Transit Construction Based on WBS-RBS and TOPSIS Method

作　　者：李强华 LI Qianghua(China Railway 18th Bureau Group Third Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072750,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁十八局集团第三工程有限公司,河北涿州072750

出　　处：《施工技术(中英文)》2025年第7期51-56,63,共7页Construction Technology

基　　金：中国铁建股份有限公司2022年度科技研究开发计划(2022-C1);中铁十八局集团有限公司2022年度科研创新项目(C2022-051)。

摘　　要：地铁建设期间发生的工程风险评估及控制十分重要。工作分解结构-风险分解结构(WBS-RBS)法已成为开展风险辨识工作的重要方法。以南昌轨道交通4号线某盾构区间为例,建立了基于WBS-RBS法的风险评估模型,并引入改进逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)剔除重要度较小的风险因素。模型共包括2个一级风险指标,7个二级风险指标,分别是周边建筑物、周边管线、盾构施工准备、始发、开挖掘进、到达以及联络通道。其中,对盾构施工准备中的盾构选型、周边管线及周边建筑物进行了风险辨识、风险指数计算。风险指数由大到小的排序依次为周边管线>周边建筑物>盾构选型。研究表明,通过对地铁工程建设期间发生的风险采取调整施工参数、加强监测及加强养护等管控措施能够有效提高地铁施工的安全性。经过对比,预控后的风险事件可降低一个风险等级。It is significant to evaluate and control the engineering risk during the construction of subway.Work breakdown structure-risk breakdown structure(WBS-RBS)has become a critical method for risk identification.Taking a shield section of Nanchang Rail Transit Line 4 as an example,a risk assessment model based on the WBS-RBS method was established,and the improved TOPSIS method was introduced to eliminate the risk factors with less importance.The model included two first-level risk indicators and seven second-level risk indicators,namely,surrounding buildings,surrounding pipelines,shield construction preparation,launching,excavation,arrival,and contact channels.Among them,the risk identification and risk index calculation of shield selection,surrounding pipelines,and surrounding buildings in shield construction preparation were carried out.The order of risk indices,ranking from big to small,is surrounding pipelines>surrounding buildings>shield selection.The research indicates that the safety of subway construction can be effectively improved by adjusting construction parameters,strengthening monitoring,and strengthening maintenance and other control measures for the risks occurring during the construction of subway projects.After comparison,the risk events after pre-control can be reduced by a risk level.

关 键 词：轨道交通 地铁 风险 评估 

分 类 号：TU990[建筑科学—市政工程]