基于SPEI的中国气候区干旱特征时空演变研究  

Spatiotemporal Evolution of Drought Characteristics in Chinese Climate Zones Based on SPEI

作　　者：曾思婷 周世健[2,3] 石现坤 章园 ZENG Siting;ZHOU Shijian;SHI Xiankun;ZHANG Yuan(School of Surveying and Geoinformation Engineering,East China University of Technology,330013,Nanchang,PRC;School of Software,Nanchang Hangkong University,330063,Nanchang,PRC;Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving around Poyang Lake of Ministry of Natural Resources,East China University of Technology,330013,Nanchang,PRC)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学测绘与空间信息工程学院,南昌330013 [2]南昌航空大学,南昌330063 [3]东华理工大学自然资源部环鄱阳湖区域矿山环境监测与治理重点实验室,南昌330013

出　　处：《江西科学》2025年第2期211-219,共9页Jiangxi Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(42064001)。

摘　　要：在全球气候变化的大环境下,干旱事件的发生对生态环境和经济社会发展造成严重影响。利用降水量与潜在蒸散量,计算得到1990—2023年中国空间分辨率为0.1°的标准化降水蒸散指数数据集,并采用Mann-Kendall趋势检验法、时间滑动窗口等方法,分析多时间尺度下中国气候区的干旱时空演变规律。结果表明,中国陆地的干湿差异分布主要呈现干旱—湿润—干旱的趋势分布特征,在空间变化上,1个月时间尺度的华中华南湿润亚热带地区、3个月时间尺度的青藏高原、6个月时间尺度的西北荒漠区、12个月时间尺度下的内蒙草原区的干旱突出于同时间尺度下的其他气候区。在时间变化上,内蒙草原地区、华中华南湿润亚热带地区、西北荒漠地区的干旱发生次数整体呈现上升趋势;东北湿润半湿润温带地区、华北湿润半湿润暖温带地区、青藏高原的干旱发生次数出现下降趋势。研究成果有助于了解中国干旱演变特征,为防旱抗旱政策提供一定的参考。Under the context of global climate change,the ecosystems,the environment,and socio-economic development have been seriously impacted by the occurrence of drought events.A standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index dataset with a spatial resolution of 0.1°was calculated for China from 1990 to 2023,using precipitation and potential evapotranspiration data.The spatial and temporal evolution of drought in China’s climatic zones at multiple time scales was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall trend test method and time sliding window.The results show that the distribution of wet-dry differences over the Chinese land is mainly characterized by the trend distribution of dry-wet-dry.Spatially,obvious droughts are observed in the humid subtropical region of central and southern China at a 1-month time scale,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at a 3-month time scale,the desert region of northwest China at a 6-month time scale,and the Inner Mongolia grassland region at a 12-month time scale,compared to other climate zones at the same time scale.Temporally,the frequency of drought events shows an increasing trend in the Inner Mongolia grassland area,humid subtropical areas of central and southern China,and the northwestern desert area.Conversely,a downward trend is noted in the number of droughts in the humid to semi-humid temperate areas in northeast China,the humid to semi-humid warm temperate areas in northern China,and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of drought evolution in China and provide valuable references for drought prevention and drought relief policies.

关 键 词：SPEI 干旱 时空演变特征 Mann-Kendall趋势检验 时间滑动窗口 

分 类 号：P951[天文地球—自然地理学]