不同强化处理措施生态沟渠的净化效果对比分析  

Comparative analysis of purification effect of ecological ditches with different enhanced treatment measures

作　　者：李敏 张迎颖[2] 王岩[2] 张志勇[2] 苏国东[3] 刘海琴[2] 宋雪飞[2] 姜智绘 LI Min;ZHANG Yingying;WANG Yan;ZHANG Zhiyong;SU Guodong;LIU Haiqin;SONG Xuefei;JIANG Zhihui(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in the Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Plain,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China;Institute of Leisure Agriculture,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [3]江苏省农业科学院休闲农业研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2025年第3期526-536,共11页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省重点研发计划项目(D21YFD17008);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700805-02);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目;国家重大科技专项水体污染控制与治理专项(2017ZX07202004-07)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在研究不同降雨条件下具有不同强化处理措施的生态沟渠对农田退水中主要污染物的净化效果。利用江苏省农业科学院试验基地内3条同样规格的沟渠,沿程种植水生植物金线菖蒲和矮生苦草,并增设生态填料箱和生态滤坝,构建生态沟渠。按照强化处理措施的不同,3条生态沟渠的设置分别为:D1,1个填料箱和1座滤坝;D2,2个填料箱和2座滤坝;D3,3个填料箱和3座滤坝。对应于不同降雨强度,设置了3种沟渠进水流量。在动态连续进水条件下,分析不同强化处理生态沟渠对农田退水中总氮、总磷、化学需氧量和铵态氮的净化效果。结果显示,相同试验条件下,低流量(0.7 m 3/h)运行下的生态沟渠净化效果最好;相关指标综合评价分析结果显示,D3的净化效果最优。本试验中降雨强度为中雨时,生态沟渠的拦截净化效果较优;当降雨强度为大到暴雨时,可选用D3的强化处理措施,并在生态沟渠滤坝中增加高效吸附填料,或在承接沟渠出水的塘浜内增设强化净化设施。本研究中试验植物金线菖蒲的生物量以及对氮磷的吸收量均远高于矮生苦草。The purpose of this research was to study the purification effect of different enhanced ecological ditches on the main pollutants in farmland drainage water under rainfall condition.Three ditches with the same specifications in the experimental base of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences were used to plant aquatic plants Acorus gramineus and Vallisneria natans along the way,and ecological filling boxes and ecological filter dams were added to construct ecological ditches.According to the different strengthening treatment measures,the ecological ditches were set as follows:D1,one packing box and one filter dam;D2,two packing boxes and two filter dams;D3,three packing boxes and three dams.Corresponding to different rainfall intensities,three kinds of channel inflow rates namely moderate rain,heavy rain and rainstorm were set up.Under the condition of dynamic continuous water inflow,the purification effects of different enhanced ecological ditches on total nitrogen,total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand and NH+4-N in farmland drainage water were analyzed.The results showed that under the same experimental conditions,the purification effect of ecological ditch under low flow rate(0.7 m 3/h)was the best.Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of relevant indicators showed that D3 had the best purification effect.In this experiment,the interception and purification effect of the ecological ditch was relatively better when the rainfall intensity was moderate.When the rainfall intensity was heavy to stormy,the enhanced treatment D3 could be selected,and high-efficiency adsorbent fillers could be added to the filter dam of the ecological ditch,or enhanced purification facilities could be added to the pond which received the ditch outflow.In this study,the biomass of the experimental plant Acorus gramineus and its absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus were both significantly higher than those of Vallisneria natans.

关 键 词：生态沟渠 农田退水 削减率 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]