长江江豚和东亚江豚染色体水平基因组微卫星分布特征分析  

MICROSATELLITES DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERIZATION IN THE CHROMOSOMELEVEL GENOMES OF THE YANGTZE FINLESS PORPOISE AND THE EAST ASIAN FINLESS PORPOISE

作　　者：李寒姝 杨连东 孟明辉 许攀 范飞 王丁[1,4] 郑劲松 LI Han-Shu;YANG Lian-Dong;MENG Ming-Hui;XU Pan;FAN Fei;WANG Ding;ZHENG Jin-Song(Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049;Diggers(Wuhan)Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Wuhan 430070,China;National Aquatic Biological Resource Center,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,中国科学院水生生物多样性与保护重点实验室,武汉430072 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]迪格思(武汉)生物科技有限责任公司,武汉430070 [4]国家水生生物种质资源库,武汉430072

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2025年第5期86-94,共9页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1301600);国家自然科学基金(31870372);中国科学院科技服务网络计划(KFJ-STS-QYZD-2021-27-001)资助。

摘　　要：研究采用生物信息学方法,首次对长江江豚(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis)和东亚江豚(N.a.sunameri)的染色体水平基因组(大小分别为2.62和2.50 Gb)的微卫星分布特征进行了分析和比较。结果表明,在长江江豚和东亚江豚基因组中分别发现888424和867792个完美型微卫星,总长度分别为15340771和14724482 bp,均占基因组序列总长度的0.59%。在长江江豚和东亚江豚基因组中,六种重复类型微卫星的数量分布模式基本一致:单碱基微卫星最为丰富,其次是二碱基、六碱基、四碱基、三碱基和五碱基重复微卫星;数目最多的6种微卫星重复单元分别是A、AC、AT、CCCTAA、AGGGTT和C。研究还着重分析了长江江豚和东亚江豚Y染色体微卫星分布特征,分别在两个亚种Y染色体基因序列中发现6195和5024个完美型微卫星。在Y染色体6种重复类型微卫星中,单碱基是最丰富的碱基重复类型,然后依次是二碱基、四碱基、三碱基、五碱基和六碱基重复。在Y染色体不同类别的完美型微卫星中,以A、AC、AAT等为重复单元的微卫星最为丰富。研究分析了长江江豚和东亚江豚染色体水平基因组微卫星分布特征和差异,为后续微卫星遗传标记的开发与利用奠定了重要基础。In this study,bioinformatic methods were used to analyze and compare the genome-wide characterization of microsatellites in the chromosome-level genomes(2.62 and 2.50 Gb respectively)of the Yangtze finless porpoise(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis;YFP)and the East Asian finless porpoise(N.a.sunameri;EAFP).The results showed that a total of 888424 and 867792 perfect microsatellites were identified in the whole genomes of the YFP and the EAFP,with a total length of 1534077 and 1472448 bp respectively,accounting for about 0.59%of the whole genome sequences.In both the YFP and EAFP genomes,the numbers of the six major repeat types of perfect microsatellites were similar,with mononucleotide repeats being the most abundant,followed by dinucleotide,hexanucleotide,tetranucleotide,trinucleotide,and pentanucleotide repeats.The most abundant repeat motifs in the two genomes were A,AC,AT,CCCTAA,and AGGGTT.Additionally,we also analyzed the microsatellite distribution characteristics in the Y chromosome of the YFP and EAFP.In total,6195 and 5024 perfect microsatellites were detected in the Y chromosomes respectively.Among the six repeat types of perfect microsatellites on the Y chromosome,mononucleotide repeat was also the most abundant type,followed by dinucleotide,tetranucleotide,trinucleotide,pentanucleotide,and hexanucleotide.In addition,A,AC,and AAT repeat motif categories were the most dominant.In this study,we examined the distribution characteristics and disparities of microsatellites in the chromosomal-level genomes of the YFP and the EAFP,thereby establishing a solid foundation for future research on the development and utilization of species specific microsatellite markers.

关 键 词：长江江豚 东亚江豚 基因组 Y染色体 微卫星 

分 类 号：Q347[生物学—遗传学]